非生物胁迫下植物体内活性氧和丙酮醛代谢的研究进展  

Research progress on the metabolisms of reactive oxygen species and methylglyoxal in plants under abiotic stresses

作　　者：赵晶晶 詹万龙 周浓 ZHAO Jing-jing;ZHAN Wan-long;ZHOU Nong(College of Biology and Food Engineering,Chongqing Three Gorges University/Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Green Cultivation and Deep Processing of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area’s Medicinal Herbs,Chongqing 404120,China;Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College,Chongqing 404100,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院/三峡库区道地药材绿色种植与深加工重庆市工程实验室,重庆404120 [2]重庆三峡职业学院,重庆404100

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2022年第8期2099-2113,共15页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0115,2022NSCQ-MSX3827);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202101239,KJQN202201235)。

摘　　要：活性氧(ROS)和丙酮醛(MG)是植物响应非生物胁迫过程中不可或缺的组成部分。低剂量的ROS或MG参与信号交流、种子萌发、植物生长发育及非生物胁迫应答等过程,而过量的ROS或MG具有高反应性和细胞毒性,会导致植物处于氧化胁迫或MG胁迫状态。为了维持植株体内ROS和MG的动态平衡,植物自身进化出了一系列的ROS和MG产生及清除机制。文章归纳总结了植物体内ROS和MG的合成代谢过程、分解代谢过程以及两者合成和分解代谢间的关系,阐明了不同非生物胁迫(干旱、温度、盐、碱、盐碱和重金属胁迫)条件下植物体内ROS和MG代谢间的调节情况。提出今后应加强植物体内MG的信号作用、乙二醛酶系统响应非生物胁迫的机理以及乙二醛酶系统耐逆基因工程开发的深入研究,以期为非生物胁迫下植物体内ROS和MG代谢机制的深入研究提供借鉴。In response to abiotic stresses,plants required reactive oxygen species(ROS)and methylglyoxal(MG).In low doses,ROS or MG are implicated in the processes of signal communication,seed germination,plant growth and development,and abiotic stress responses.However,ROS and MG are highly reactive and cytotoxic,and in excess cause oxidative or MG stress in plants,respectively.Accordingly,plants had evolved an array of mechanisms of ROS and MG production and scavenging,so as to maintain a dynamic balance between ROS and MG in plants.Plant ROS and MG anabolic and catabolic processes,and their interrelationships were studied.The regulation of ROS and MG metabolisms in plants under different abiotic stresses(stress from drought,temperature,salt,alkali,saline-alkali and heavy metal)were investigated.In the future,in-depth research shall be conducted to investigate the signaling function of MG in plants,the mechanism by which the glyoxalase system responded to abiotic stresses,and the development/selection of genetic lines with a deficient or enhanced glyoxalase system,so as to provide indications for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of ROS and MG metabolisms in plants under abiotic stresses.

关 键 词：非生物胁迫 活性氧 抗氧化防御系统 丙酮醛 乙二醛酶 谷胱甘肽 

分 类 号：S501[农业科学—作物学]