山西省农村高血压病人自我管理与社会支持的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of self⁃management and social support for hypertensive patients in rural areas of Shanxi

作　　者：马阳阳 卢敏[1] 李建涛[1] 原效国 樊金荣 程蒙 MA Yangyang;LU Min;LI Jiantao;YUAN Xiaoguo;FAN Jinrong;CHENG Meng(Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi 030001 China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学,山西030001 [2]山西省卫生健康委员会 [3]山西省介休市医疗集团

出　　处：《护理研究》2022年第21期3845-3849,共5页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目资助⁃人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(PSSR),编号:201801018;山西省软科学研究计划项目,编号:2019041049⁃1。

摘　　要：目的:分析山西省农村高血压病人社会支持对自我管理能力的影响,为提高农村高血压病人自我管理水平提供参考。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样方法在山西省随机选取3个县区,每个县区抽取3个乡镇,每个乡镇抽取2个或3个行政村,采用一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表、高血压病人自我管理行为测评量表对农村高血压病人进行问卷调查。结果:农村高血压病人社会支持评定量表得分为(40.44±7.02)分;高血压病人自我管理行为测评量表得分为(80.22±9.05)分,用药管理标准化得分最高[(90.87±14.38)分],运动管理得分最低[(72.35±27.29)分]。排除混杂干扰因素后,社会支持可解释病人自我管理行为21.8%的变异量,主观支持、社会支持的利用度正向影响自我管理行为,客观支持负向影响自我管理行为。结论:社会支持是提高病人自我管理水平的可干预因素。病人对支持的主动利用是关键,满足病人主观支持需要,评估病人主观支持需要,才能更好地发挥社会支持对自我管理的增益作用。Objective:To analyze the influence of social support on self⁃management ability of hypertensive patients in rural areas of Shanxi Province,so as to provide references for improving the level of self⁃management of hypertensive patients in rural areas.Methods:A multi⁃stage cluster sampling method was used to randomly select three counties and districts in Shanxi province,three townships from each coun ty and dis tric t,tw o to th ree adminis tra tive villages from each tow nship,and Social Suppo r t Ra ting Scale and Hype r tension Self⁃Management Scale were used to investigate rural hypertension patients.Results:The score of social support in rural hypertension patients was(40.44±7.02).The standardized score of self⁃management was(80.22±9.05),the standardized score of medication management was the highest(90.87±14.38),and the standardized score of exercise management was the lowest(72.35±27.29).Excluding confounding factors,social support could explain 21.8%variation of patients′self⁃management behavior.Subjective support and utilization of support positively affected self⁃management,while objective support negatively affected self⁃management.Conclusion:Compared with sociodemographic variables that are not easy to intervene,social support is an intervening factor to improve the self⁃management of patients.The active use of support by patients is the key.Only by satisfying patients′subjective support needs and evaluating patients′subjective support needs can social support play a better role in self⁃management.

关 键 词：高血压 自我管理 社会支持 代际支持 影响因素 调查研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]