茅坤《史记抄》文学评点的精神向度发微  

A Study on the Spiritual Dimension of the Literary Criticism of Mao Kun’s Excerpts of Historical Records

作　　者：王晓红[1] WANG Xiaohong(School of Humanities,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,China)

机构地区：[1]渭南师范学院人文学院,陕西渭南714099

出　　处：《渭南师范学院学报》2022年第10期16-23,60,共9页Journal of Weinan Normal University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目:《史记》评点史研究(20XJA751005);陕西省教育厅高校哲学社会科学重点基地研究项目:《史记》关中文化及其影响研究(16JZ024);渭南师范学院2021年《中国古代文学》课程思政示范课程项目。

摘　　要：评点是《史记》文学经典化历程中的重要途径之一。明代出现评点《史记》的热潮。从当时《史记》评点主体身份来看,评点者同时具有“文人”和“士子”双重身份,导致《史记》评点批评体现两个精神向度。以茅坤的《史记抄》为例,一是审美批评,主动进入作品所建构的文学世界,从“文”的角度打量批评的对象,包括了批评姿态的“同情的理解”、评点符号的不言之言、评点过程的文情激荡的特征;二是社会文化批评,体现了关注社会政治、匡救社会危机、抒发自己内心怨愤的“士人”情怀。这些评点的精神向度形成了一个与《史记》文本相辅相成的又一重精神世界。Literary Criticism is one of the important approaches in studying Historical Records as a literary classic.In Ming Dynasty,there was a craze for commenting on Historical Records.Judging from the subject identity of commenting on Historical Records at that time,commentators have the dual identities of“literati”and“scholars”,which leads to two spiritual dimensions in the critical criticism of Historical Records.Take Mao Kun’s Excerpts of Historical Records as an example.The two spiritual dimensions are as follows.One is the aesthetic criticism.Mao Kun actively became one member of the literary world constructed by the work.Examining the object of criticism from the perspective of“literature”,it involves in some characteristics,such as the critical attitude of“sympathetic understanding”,the implied meanings of the comment symbols,and the emotional surge in the process of comment.The other is the social and cultural criticism.It shows the feelings of“scholars”,such as paying attention to social politics,rescuing the social crisis,and expressing one’s inner resentment,etc.The spiritual dimensions of these comments have formed another spiritual world that complements the text of Historical Records.

关 键 词：茅坤 《史记抄》 文学评点 精神向度 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]