螺杆挤出式3D打印机的设计与剪切性能分析  

Design and Shear Performance Analysis of Screw Extrusion 3D Printer

作　　者：李超凡 白海清[1,2] 杨思瑞 贾仕奎 贾宗强 张鑫何[1] 米大山 LI Chaofan;BAI Haiqing;YANG Sirui;JIA Shikui;JIA Zongqiang;ZHANG Xinhe;MI Dashan(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Hanzhong 723000,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,陕西汉中723000 [2]陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,陕西汉中723000 [3]陕西理工大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《塑料工业》2022年第10期89-95,共7页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金研究计划项目(2021JM-486);陕西省技术创新引导项目(2021QFY05-03);陕西理工大学研究生创新基金项目(SLGYCX2233)。

摘　　要：为了研究螺杆剪切性能对3D打印成型过程中物料熔融效果的影响,设计了一种螺杆挤出式3D打印机及不同的剪切段螺杆结构,分别建立螺杆的模型并对螺杆和流体域进行网格划分。以聚丙烯为打印材料结合流体仿真软件进行了剪切性能的数值模拟实验,对仿真实验结果的压力场和剪切速率场以及螺杆流道内粒子的停留时间进行分析。结果表明,棱柱型螺杆的最大压力与无剪切结构相比提高了0.13%左右,圆环型螺杆所形成的最大剪切速率相较于无剪切结构提升了约22.56%,圆柱型螺杆流道内粒子的停留时间最长。说明该结构可以增强物料的塑化熔融以及混合效果,在一定程度上还可以使材料内部无序的分子链重新分布,增强材料自身的性能。In order to study the influence of screw shear performance on material melting effect in three dimensional(3 D)printing molding process,a screw extrusion 3 D printer and screw structures of different shear sections were designed.Screw models were established and meshed between screw and fluid domain.Taking polypropylene as printing material,the numerical simulation experiment of shear performance was carried out.The pressure field,shear rate field and residence time of particles in the screw flow channel were analyzed.The results show that the maximum pressure of prismatic screw increases 0.13%comparing with that of non-shear structure.The maximum shear rate of the annular screw is 22.56%higher than that of the non-shear structure.The residence time of the particles in the cylindrical screw channel is the longest.It shows that the structure can enhance the plasticizing,melting and mixing effect of the material,and to some extent it can redistribute the disordered molecular chain in the material,and enhance the properties of the material itself.

关 键 词：3D打印 剪切结构 螺杆 流体仿真 混合效果 

分 类 号：TQ320.663[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]