闸墩绕流影响因素及其作用规律分析  

Study on influence factors and function rules on flow around a gate pier

作　　者：王志飞 杨贝宁 王思莹[1] WANG Zhifei;YANG Beining;WANG Siying(Hubei Key Laboratory of Theory and Application of Advanced Materials Mechanics,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学新材料力学理论与应用湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2022年第6期45-51,共7页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：长江流域水库群科学调度关键技术研究项目(第三阶段0704178);长江科学院开放研究基金(CKWV2018459/KY);武汉理工大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110497145)。

摘　　要：为探究某水利工程渡槽附近不平稳水面的形成原因并为制定消除措施提供参考,使用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对高雷诺数(Re=5×10^(6))条件下,不同宽度的顺直流道、收缩渐变段和弯曲流道下游的圆柱绕流和不同形态的闸墩绕流进行了数值模拟研究,分析了流道布局和闸墩形状尺寸等因素对绕流流场和结构受力特性的影响。圆柱绕流分析结果表明:在计算参数范围内,随着顺直流道宽度的减小,圆柱的升阻力系数均逐渐增大;流道渐变段的截面收缩对圆柱绕流产生的影响不大;流道弯曲导致的来流偏流系数越大,圆柱受力的非对称性越明显,升阻力系数均值越大。闸墩绕流计算结果表明:无墩尾闸墩的绕流流场和受力特性与圆柱绕流类似,随着墩身长度增加,闸墩的平均阻力系数减小;带墩尾的闸墩呈流线型,其升阻力系数与尺寸相当的圆柱和无墩尾闸墩相比均显著减小;给闸墩设置合适的墩尾是解决闸墩绕流脱涡的有效措施。To study the unstable water surface near an aqueduct and to provide eliminating measures in a water conservancy project,numerical simulations on flows around circular cylinders and gate piers in various channels,including straight channels with different width values,transition channels with gradient contraction sections and curved channels were performed under the condition of high Reynolds number(Re=5×10~6)through COMSOL Multiphysics software.The influences of channel layout and blunt body shape on the surrounding flow field morphology and forces acting on the structures were analyzed.The results show that,in the range of the calculation parameters,as the width of the straight channel decreases,the lift and drag coefficients of the cylinder increase with the blockage ratio.The gradient section of transition channel has little effect on flow around a cylinder.For curved channels,a deflection coefficient is adopted to indicate the asymmetry flow distribution.In flow with a greater deflection coefficient,the structure may suffer lift and drag coefficients with greater asymmetry and larger average values.The results of flow around piers show that,the flow fields and force characteristics of piers without pier tail are similar with those of a cylinder.The increase of pier length can reduce the resistance coefficient.The lift and drag coefficients are greatly reduced by the streamlined body shape of piers with tails.Adding an appropriate pier tail is an effective measure to solve the vortex shedding for flow around a gate pier.

关 键 词：闸墩 高雷诺数 流道布局 墩尾 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV672.3[水利工程—水利水电工程] O352[理学—流体力学]