常见非洲菊品种生长习性与栽培  

Growth habits and cultivation of common gerbera varieties

作　　者：过聪[1] 袁斌[2] 陈锋 吕博 孟庆忠[1] 向发云[1] GUO Cong;YUAN Bin;CHEN Feng;LYU Bo;MENG Qing-zhong;XIANG Fa-yun(Institute of Industrial Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Soil and Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Central China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hubei Key Laboratory of Crop Disease,Insect Pests and Weeds Control,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,湖北武汉430064 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所/农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第5期1366-1373,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2020ZTSJJ7);湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2020-620-003-001)。

摘　　要：为摸清目前主流非洲菊品种的生长与栽培特性,以12种市场常见非洲菊品种为对象展开研究。结果显示,非洲菊各品种间株型、叶形、花序直径、小花大小存在极显著差异,花梗长度和花梗粗度无显著差异;国内非洲菊以黑色花心、花色明艳的半重瓣品种居多。不同地区间设施栽培的同一非洲菊品种观赏性状较稳定,但在切花花梗长度与产花量上存在显著差异。非洲菊的花梗长度与采收前7 d内最高温度、最低温度呈极显著负相关,与日温差呈极显著正相关,建议通过控制大棚日温差来提高切花花梗长度。湖北地区栽培的非洲菊秋季产花量高,生产上可优先考虑综合性状较好的热带草原、香槟、玲珑、云南红、水粉、白马王子和蜜糖等品种。In order to understand the growth and cultivation characteristics of mainstream gerbera varieties,12 common gerbera species in the market were investigated and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences in plant type,leaf shape,inflorescence diameter and floret size among gerbera varieties,but there were no significant differences in peduncle length and peduncle diameter.Semi-doubled varieties with black disc and bright colour were in majority.The ornamental characters of the same gerbera cultivated in different areas were stable,while there were significant differences in peduncle length and flower yield.The peduncle length of gerbera was negatively correlated with the maximum temperature and minimum temperature within seven days before harvesting,and positively correlated with the daily temperature difference.It was suggested to improve the length of peduncle by controlling daily temperature difference in greenhouses.The flower yield of gerbera cultivated in Hubei province is high in autumn,and the varieties with better comprehensive characters such as Redaicaoyuan,Xiangbin,Linglong,Yunnanhong,Shuifen,Baimawangzi and Mitang can be given priority in production.

关 键 词：非洲菊 生长习性 花梗长 产花量 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]