2018-2021年某院流感嗜血杆菌感染分布及耐药性  

Infection distribution and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in a hospital from 2018 to 2020

作　　者：叶蕊 周玉红 赵雪 刘瑞广 宋丹[1] 余红岚[1] 王宇 YE Rui;ZHOU Yuhong;ZHAO Xue;LIU Ruiguang;SONG Dan;YU Honglan;WANG Yu(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Guiyang First People′s Hospital,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China;School of Public Health and Wellness,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳市第一人民医院检验科,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2022年第21期2916-2921,共6页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

基　　金：贵阳市卫生健康局科学技术计划项目([2019]筑卫健科技合同字第001号);贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2020]-10-6号)。

摘　　要：目的探讨某院住院患者流感嗜血杆菌(Hi)分布特点,分析Hi对临床常用抗菌药物耐药情况及其基因型,为临床抗感染治疗提供合理依据。方法统计分析贵阳市第一人民医院2018年1月至2021年12月共计1170例Hi感染病例。采用纸片扩散法做抗菌药物敏感性分析;硝酸噻吩试纸片法测定β-内酰胺酶;聚合酶链式反应(PCR)进行菌种鉴定及耐药基因分析。结果1170株Hi分型均为不可分型Hi(NTHi)菌株。2018年成人组与儿童组对阿奇霉素、左氧氟沙星的耐药率及2020年成人组与儿童组对氨苄西林、头孢呋辛、左氧氟沙星的耐药率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。1170株Hi经硝酸噻吩试纸片法及PCR检测后,检出426株β-内酰胺酶阳性菌株,耐药基因型均为TEM-1型,未检出ROB-1基因型。结论该院患者Hi感染主要发生于儿童,血清分型以NTHi为主,耐药基因均为TEM-1型。Objective To explore the distribution characteristics of Haemophilus influenzae(Hi)in patients in a hospital,and to analyze its resistance to common clinical antibiotics and its genotype,so as to provide reasonable basis for clinical anti-infective treatment.Methods A total of 1170 cases of Haemophilus influenzae infection in Guiyang First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were statistically analyzed.Antimicrobial susceptibility analysis was performed by disk diffusion method,determination ofβ-lactamases by thiophene nitrate test paper method,strain identification and drug resistance gene analysis by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results 1170 strains of Hi typing were all non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi).There were statistically significant differences in the drug resistance rates to azithromycin and levofloxacin between the adult group and the children group in 2018 and the drug resistance rates to ampicillin,cefuroxime and levofloxacin between the adult group and the children group in 2020(P<0.05).1170 strains of Hi were detected by thiophene nitrate test and PCR,and 426β-lactamase positive strains were detected.All the resistant genotypes were TEM-1,but no ROB-1 genotypes were detected.Conclusion The Hi of the patients in this hospital mainly occurs in children,the main serotypes are NTHi,and the drug resistance genes are TEM-1.

关 键 词：流感嗜血杆菌 耐药性 Β-内酰胺酶 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]