四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性及区系分析  

Bird Diversity and Fauna Analysis of Zoige Wetland National Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province

作　　者：张峻 班英 卓玛姐 言迫 索郎夺尔基 杨志松[1,3] ZHANG Jun;BAN Ying;Zhuomajie;YAN Po;Suolangduoerji;YANG Zhisong(College of Life Science,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;Sichuan Zoige Wetland National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Zoige 624566,China;Sichuan Academy of Giant Panda Science,Chengdu 610057,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,四川南充637002 [2]四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区管理局,四川若尔盖624566 [3]四川省大熊猫科学研究院,四川成都610057

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2022年第5期11-17,共7页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：通过2019—2021间开展的鸟类野外调查并查阅历史鸟类分布记录资料,共记录汇总四川若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区鸟类17目45科232种,其中文献记录7目15科31种。古北界、东洋界、广布种鸟类157、40、35种,分12种分布型,古北界鸟类占67.67%。留鸟98种、旅鸟50种、夏候鸟52种、冬候鸟29种、迷鸟3种,非留鸟占57.76%,鸟类多样性季节变化明显。高寒草甸(165种)、高山灌丛(127种)生境中的分布的鸟类种数较多,之前对该地区的鸟类研究主要集中在湿地类型生境中并以水鸟为主,建议今后加强对保护区非湿地生境中鸟类的关注和研究,特别是雀形目鸟类和猛禽。在不同类型的生境中,鸟类分布数量、种类、优势种差异明显,不同生境间鸟类共有种数量不一,侧面反映了出该地区近年来水平空间梯度上的生境分化显著。近年来,保护区内新纪录鸟类不断增加,鸟类多样性情况日趋复杂,根据此次研究结果,建议保护区今后分季节和生境类型制定针对性的鸟类保护措施。Based on the field survey of birds carried out from 2019 to 2021 and the historical records of bird distribution,232 species of birds belonging to 17 orders and 45 families in Zoige Wetland National Nature Reserve were recorded and summarized in this research,including 31 species of birds in 7 orders and 15 families from literature review.There were 157,40 and 35 species in the Palaearctic realm,Oriental realm and widespread birds,which are divided into 12 distribution types.The Palaearctic birds accounted for 67.67%.Among them,98 were resident birds,50were migratory birds,52 were summer migratory birds,29 were winter migratory birds,and 3 were lost birds.Nonresident birds accounted for 57.76%.The seasonal variation of bird diversity is obvious.A large number of bird species were distributed in alpine meadow(165 species)and alpine shrub(127 species)habitats.Previous studies on birds in this area mainly focused on wetland habitats,mainly on waterfowl.It is suggested that more attention and research should be paid to birds in non-wetland habitats of nature reserves in the future,especially passerine birds and raptors.The distribution number,species and dominant species of birds were significantly different in different habitats,and the number of common species of birds was different in different habitats,which reflected the significant habitat differentiation on horizontal spatial gradient in this area in recent years.In recent years,the number of newly recorded birds in the reserve has been increasing,and the bird diversity of birds has become more and more complex.According to the results of this study,it is suggested that the protection measures for birds should be formulated according to seasons and habitat types in the future.

关 键 词：若尔盖湿地国家级自然保护区 鸟类多样性 区系 生境 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]