岷江干旱河谷两种主要人工林林下豆科物种组成及植被多样性  

Species Composition and Vegetation Diversity of Leguminosae Species under Two Main Plantations in Arid Valley of the Minjiang River

作　　者：贺维[1] 杨育林[1] 高鹏 张炜[1] 尤继勇[1] 张好[1] HE Wei;YANG Yuling;GAO Peng;ZHANG Wei;YOU Jiyong;ZHANG Hao(Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Litang Forestry and Grassland Administration Bureau,Litang 624300,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都610081 [2]理塘县林业和草原局,四川理塘624300

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2022年第5期41-47,共7页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：该实验采用典型样地法,在岷江干旱河谷汶川、理县段,对造林20年后的岷江柏和辐射松人工林林下豆科物种组成、生物量积累和植被多样性进行研究。结果表明:(1)岷江柏林下灌草植被41种,有豆科灌木5种、草本2种,其中岷谷木蓝是较稳定的伴生灌木;随着海拔升高,豆科灌木减少、盖度下降,豆科草本逐渐出现,豆科总生物量在减少。(2)辐射松林下灌草植被21种,其中豆科灌木2种,胡枝子在灌木层优势明显,无豆科草本;随着海拔升高,豆科灌木减少,豆科盖度、总生物量变化不大。(3)岷江柏林下豆科植物地下生物量占比为45%,且岷谷木蓝和锦鸡儿有根瘤;辐射松林下豆科植物地下生物量占比为38%,未发现根瘤。(4)岷江柏林下灌草植被盖度、生物量以及生物多样性指数均远高于辐射松,灌木生物量能达到辐射松的20倍。总体而言,岷江柏人工林林下植被盖度大、物种多样性高,且豆科植物种类丰富、生物量积累多,还分布有发挥固氮作用的岷谷木蓝,对干旱胁迫、外界干扰的抵抗能力相对更强。In this experiment, the species composition and biomass accumulation of Leguminousae species and vegetation diversity under Cupressus chengiana and Pinus radiata plantations after 20 years of afforestation were studied by typical plot method in Wenchuan and Lixian sections of the Minjiang River arid valley. The results showed that:(1) There were 41 species of shrub and grass vegetation under C. chengiana plantation, including 5 kinds of Leguminous shrub species and 2 kinds of herb species, among which Indigofera lenticellata was a relatively stable companion shrub. With the increase of altitude, Leguminosae shrubs decreased, coverage reduced, Leguminosae herbs gradually appeared, and the total biomass of Leguminosus species decreased.(2) There were 21 species of shrub and grass vegetation under P. radiata plantation, including 2 species of Leguminous shrubs. Lespedeza bicolor had obvious advantages in the shrub layer, and there were no leguminous herbs. With the increase of altitude, the number of Leguminous shrubs decreased, and the coverage and total biomass of Leguminous species changed little.(3) The understory biomass of Leguminosae species under C. chengiana plantation accounted for 45%, and there were root nodules in Indigofera lenticellata and Caragana sinica. The understory biomass of Leguminosae species under P.radiata plantation accounted for 38%, and no root nodules were found.(4) The vegetation coverage, biomass and biodiversity index of understory shrub and grass species under C. chengiana plantation were much higher than those of P. radiata plantation, and the shrub biomass can reach 20 times that of P. radiata. In general, the understory vegetation coverage of C. chengiana plantation was higher, the species diversity was higher, the Leguminous species were richer,the biomass accumulation were larger, and there was also Indigofera lenticellata which played a role in nitrogen fixation, and its resistance to drought stress and external interference was relatively strong.

关 键 词：干旱河谷 人工林 豆科植物 多样性 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]