PTFE膜防海洋生物附着效果及机制分析  

Research on preventing marine biofouling organisms with PTFE film and potential mechanism

作　　者：刘建平 倪道俊 李文伟 向欣 朱亚伟[3] 吴建华 刘俊峰 李亚静 齐志涛 LIU Jianping;NI Daojun;LI Wenwei;XIANG Xin;ZHU Yawei;WU Jianhua;LIU Junfeng;LI Yajing;QI Zhitao(China Three Gorges Renewables(Group)Co.Ltd.,Beijing 101100,China;China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;College of Textile and Clothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215021,China;Nanjing Haohui High-Tech Co.,Nanjing 210006,China;School of Marine and Bio-engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng Jiangsu 224051,China)

机构地区：[1]中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司,北京101100 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司,北京100038 [3]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215021 [4]南京浩晖高科技有限公司,江苏南京210006 [5]盐城工学院海洋与生物工程学院,江苏盐城224051

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第5期621-630,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：三峡新能源阳江发电有限公司科研项目(44006308);江苏省海洋科技创新项目(JSZRHYKJ202208)。

摘　　要：为了解决海上风电桩海水腐蚀和海洋生物污损问题,选择具有低表面能的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料,采用热挤压法制备了两种PTFE膜,分别为高密度PTFE膜(HD-PTFE,2.3 g·cm^(-3))和低密度PTFE膜(LD-PTFE,1.6 g·cm^(-3))。HD-PTFE和LD-PTFE的结晶度分别为89.0%和79.0%,表面能分别为16.4和22.7 mN·m^(-1)。将上述PTFE膜经氮气进行低温等离子体处理,再与R4088胶带(美国3M公司)进行物理复合制得具有自粘性的PTFE复合膜(即HD-PTFE膜和LD-PTFE膜)。将这两种膜浸泡在海水中3年,发现LD-PTFE存在溶胀和脱落现象,而HD-PTFE仍可以保持原有的表面形貌结构,这归因于HD-PTFE的高密度、低表面能和高结晶性。为此,选择具有自粘性的HD-PTFE膜包覆在风电机组钢管桩(单桩)表面,经9个月海上实际运行和海底摄影,获得了HD-PTFE贴膜(T5单桩)和未贴膜(T4单桩)单桩表面的海洋生物沾附和附着结果。分析了HD-PTFE材料的防海洋污损的作用机制,提出了HD-PTFE材料的防止海洋生物黏附和污损机制是“吸附~临时固着~脱落~二次吸附(再聚集)”的反复循环,且不存在海洋污损生物的永久固着。这为海上静止和移动平台的防海洋生物黏附和污损提供了一种新方法,具有重要的理论和实践指导作用。Offshore wind power is an important development direction of wind power generation.However,the monopile steel structures of offshore wind power are immersed and eroded by seawater for a long time and its surface is easily adsorbed,fixated and corroded by marine organisms,leading to thickening of the monopile steel structure diameter and internal corrosion of monopile steel,which can seriously shorten the service life of offshore wind power equipment.How to prevent the corrosion of seawater and marine organism on the offshore wind turbine pile is important for the development of wind power industry.The polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE),known as“the king of plastic”,is a kind of tetrafluoroethylene monomer polymerization of polymer,which has been widely used in national defense,atomic energy,petroleum,radio,electricity,machinery,chemical industry,etc.In the present study,two kinds of PTFE with low surface energy were prepared by hot extrusion method,named as high-density PTFE film(HD-PTFE)and low-density PTFE film(LD-PTFE).Results showed that the density of HD-PTFE and LD-PTFE was 2.3 g·cm^(-3) and 1.6 g·cm^(-3),respectively.The crystallinity of HD-PTFE and surface energy of HD-PTFE was 89.0% and 16.4 mN·m^(-1),and these of LD-PTFE were 79.0% and 22.7 mN·m^(-1),respectively.The HD-PTFE and LD-PTFE were treated with nitrogen,and then physically laminated with R4088 tape(3 M,USA)to produce PTFE composite films with self-adhesive properties(i.e.HD-PTFE film and LD-PTFE film).The peeling strength of R4088 tape with HD-PTFE,polyester film and epoxy resin were more than 1000 gf,which had strong bonding strength and could be firmly stuck on the surface of steel pipe pile.After 40000 wear resistance tests,14400 h salt spray test and 1000 h rain erosion test,the surface of HD-PTFE film had no roughness or damage,neither change in the appearance or change in mechanical properties.After 15 h of high and low temperature aging resistance experiments,5000 h artificial climate aging resistance and ozone aging resistance exper

关 键 词：聚四氟乙烯(PTFE) 膜材料 海洋生物附着 生物黏附 

分 类 号：TQ325.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]