北方不同树叶腐解的养分释放特征研究  

Study on Nutrient Release Characteristics of Different Leaf Decomposition in Northern China

作　　者：王芳芳[1] 梁魁景[1] 刘海鹏[1] 刘国荣[1] 王玉纯 崔文宁 WANG Fangfang;LAING Kuijing;LIU Haipeng;LIU Guorong;WANG Yuchun;CUI Wenning(Department of Life Sciences,Hengshui University,Hengshui 053000,China;Shenzhou Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Shenzhou 053800,China)

机构地区：[1]衡水学院生命科学系,河北衡水053000 [2]深州市农业农村局,河北深州053800

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2022年第6期17-19,共3页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：2022年度衡水学院院级课题(2022ZR15);2022年度衡水学院院级课题(2022ZR17);2022年度衡水学院院级课题(2022ZR24);河北省现代农业产业技术体系梨产业创新团队建设衡水综合试验推广站(HBCT2021210402);衡水市科技计划项目(2021014003Z)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了定性定量地研究不同秸秆绿肥的腐解与养分释放元素特征。本试验采用塑料袋法模拟绿肥还田,研究不同树叶绿肥还田后对梨园土壤养分、有机质的影响,为绿肥的合理应用和梨园园土的管理提供理论依据。【方法】试验选取8种园林树叶为试验材料,加入1%的棘孢木霉菌微生物菌剂处理,于还田后150 d采取土样进行养分及有机质分析。【结果】从棘孢木霉菌剂对8种树叶绿肥腐解养分和有机质含量的比较可知,银杏腐解铵态氮、有效磷含量最大,均与其他树叶含量有显著差异,与阳性对照相比,分别显著提高了81%、90%;而悬铃木腐解速效钾、有机质含量最大,与其他树叶含量有显著性差异,与阳性对照相比,分别显著提高了83%、89%。【结论】试验中棘孢木霉菌处理后,土壤养分和有机质含量总体上较高,这可能与当地的气候温度有很大的关系,因为气候条件是影响微生物活性和物质腐解的重要因素,也可能与树体自身养分的含量成正相关,由于研究时间不长,腐熟不彻底,后期仍需进一步试验验证。【Objective】In order to study the decomposition and characteristics of nutrient releace of different straw green fertilizer qualitatively and quantitatively,in this experiment,the method was used to simulate green manure returning to the field,and the effects of different leaf green manure returning to the field on soil nutrients and organic matter in pear orchard were studied,so as to provide theoretical basis for the rational application of green manure and the management of pear orchard soil.【Methods】Eight kinds of leaves were selected as experimental materials and treated with 1%Trichoderma asperellum microbial agent.Soil samples were taken for nutrient and organic matter analysis 150 days after returning to the field.【Results】From the comparison of the contents of nutrients and organic matter in the decomposition of 8 kinds of leaf green manure by Trichoderma asperellum,the contents of ammonium nitrogen and available phosphorus in Ginkgo biloba were the highest,which were significantly different from those of other leaves.Compared with the positive control,they were significantly increased by 81%and 90%,respectively.The content of available potassium and organic matter in Platanus acerifolia was the highest,which was significantly different from other leaves.Compared with the positive control,it was significantly increased by 83%and 89%,respectively.【Conclusion】After the treatment of Trichoderma asperellum in the experiment,the content of soil nutrients and organic matter was generally high,which may be related to the local climate temperature,because the climatic conditions were important factors affecting microbial activity and material decomposition,and may also be positively correlated with the content of nutrients in the tree itself.Due to the short research time and incomplete decomposition,further experimental verification is still needed in the later stage.

关 键 词：绿肥 树叶 土壤养分 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]