云南不同富营养化程度湖泊中产毒蓝藻藻毒素基因多样性研究  

Genetic Diversity of Cyanotoxins Synthesis Gene Produced by Cyanobacteria in Different Eutrophication Degrees in Yunnan

作　　者：陈彤 王志龙 刘丽[1] CHEN Tong;WANG Zhilong;LIU Li(Faculty of Life Science and Technology,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期133-141,共9页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860028,31360016).

摘　　要：有毒蓝藻水华的形成及蓝藻毒素的产生会严重危害水生态安全,并影响人类生产生活,因而成为备受关注的重大环境问题之一.为探究云南不同富营养化程度湖泊中产毒蓝藻产毒基因的多样性,在2019年至2020年丰水期、平水期和枯水期,采集富营养化的星云湖、贫营养化的抚仙湖水体和沉积物样本,运用常规PCR技术对产毒蓝藻特有的微囊藻毒素合成酶基因mcyA、鱼腥藻毒素合成酶基因anaC和麻痹性贝类毒素合成酶基因sxtA进行扩增测序和系统进化分析.基因检测结果表明,来自两个不同富营养化程度湖泊的水体样品中均发现有mcyA、anaC和sxtA基因,而对于沉积物的检测却仅在来自于富营养化的星云湖样品中发现mcyA基因.通过对目的基因测序并构建系统进化树进行多样性分析发现,两个不同富营养化程度湖泊中的mcyA基因来源较为单一,主要由微囊藻属藻类产生,而sxtA基因来源较广,主要由鱼腥藻属、束丝藻属、长孢藻属产生.另外,anaC基因在抚仙湖中主要由颤藻属产生,而在星云湖中则主要由颤藻属和束丝藻属产生.The formation of toxic cyanobacteria blooms and the production of cyanobacteria toxins substantially damage water ecological safety and have an impact on human productivity and living, making it one of the important environmental concerns gaining significant attention. In order to investigate the gene diversity of the cyanotoxins synthesis gene produced by cyanobacteria in different degrees of eutrophic lakes in Yunnan, we collected water and sediment samples from the eutrophic Lake Xinyun and the oligotrophic Lake Fuxian in the wet, normal, and dry seasons from 2019 to 2020. Then, using Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR), the microcystin synthase gene mcyA, anatoxin synthase gene anaC, and paralytic shellfish toxins synthase gene sxtA were amplified, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Gene detection results showed that the cyanotoxins synthase genes mcyA, anaC and sxtA were concurrently found in water samples from the two lakes with different eutrophication degrees, while the mcyA gene was signally found in sediment samples from the eutrophic Lake Xinyun. Based on the sequencing of target genes and subsequent construction of phylogenetic tree, the diversity analysis showed that the mcyA gene found in the two lakes with different eutrophication degrees was homogeneously produced by Microcystis, whereas anaC gene was heterogeneously generated by Anabaena,Aphanizomenon and Aolichospermum. Furthermore, the anaC gene was mainly produced by Oscilatoria in Fuxian Lake, but by Aphanizomenon in Xingyun Lake.

关 键 词：云南省湖泊 产毒蓝藻 蓝藻毒素 mcyA基因 anaC基因 sxtA基因 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]