儿童利益最大化视角下代孕子女亲权确认研究  

Best Interests of the Child:Research on Parenthood in Surrogacy Disputes

作　　者：金莼 毕莹[1] Jin Chun;Bi Ying(Guanghua School of Law,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310008)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,杭州310008

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2022年第11期60-65,157,共7页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：“浙江省社科规划课题”(21WZQHO7Z)的研究成果。

摘　　要：当前代孕子女亲权确认所采用的标准可能造成法律适用、伦理道德、人身关系等方面的问题。司法实践表明,既有裁判对“维持代孕子女生活稳定性与持续性”等因素的考量,具有优先保护儿童利益的超前性,但同时也存在着代孕协议效力与婚生否认之诉引起的法律适用不统一、代孕子女继承权不确定等问题。本文认为可从儿童利益最大化的角度出发解读代孕协议中的父母意愿;细化婚生否认之诉的适用条件;以儿童利益最大化为基本视角对代孕子女监护权及抚养权规则架构进行完善,增加潜在监护人数量。确保法官能够优先适用儿童利益最大化原则,避免代孕子女在复杂的利益平衡中遭到忽略。Using present standards to determine the parentage of surrogate children is certainly problematic in terms of social values, the foundation of personal relationships, and the application of the law. 10representative cases show that factors such as “maintaining continuity and stability in parent-child relationship” are taken into consideration in legal practice. However, the legitimacy of the surrogacy agreement and the application of Article 2(2) of the Interpretation of the Marriage Law 2001(Ⅲ) generated instability in the parental rights of surrogate children. This article makes the following claims: the parents’ will in the surrogacy agreement should be interpreted in the best interests of child principle;Article 2(2) of Interpretation of the Marriage Law 2001(Ⅲ) should be restricted with strict statute of limitations and conditions;The number of “potential guardians” should be increased. These recommendations make sure that judges prioritize applying the Best Interests of Child Principle while being true to our judicial position, preventing surrogate children from being sacrificed in the balance of interests.

关 键 词：代孕 亲权确认 儿童利益最大化原则 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]