外加电场强化生物浸出的研究进展  

Research progress on enhanced bioleaching with electric field

作　　者：刘泓伟 王学刚[1,2] 龙杰 高瑛瑛 万子聪 刘超 LIU Hong-wei;WANG Xue-gang;LONG Jie;GAO Ying-ying;WAN Zi-cong;LIU Chao(School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,江西南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2022年第5期73-78,85,共7页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52064001);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20202BABL203022,20202BABL213016)。

摘　　要：在当前能源紧缺、碳达峰与碳中和的背景下,生物浸出技术因其成本低、污染小、操作简便等优点而被广泛地应用于各种矿产资源的提取,但因浸出速率缓慢,严重影响其实际应用。因此本文讨论了外加电场对生物浸出的强化效果,以外加电场对微生物细胞胞外电子传递、细胞渗透性以及群落的影响为例,分析了外加电场强化微生物浸出的机理。最后分析了外加电场对浸出过程中金属溶解率、溶液溶质和微生物的渗流能力的影响,提出了如何从电化学强化的角度提升生物浸出效率,为今后该领域的研究提供借鉴与参考。Under the background of current energy shortage,carbon peaking and carbon neutralization,bioleachingtechnology has been widely used in the extraction of various mineral resources due to its advantages of low cost,low pollution,and simple operation.However,due to the slow leaching rate,its practical application has been seriously affected.Therefore,this paper discussed the enhancement effect of the applied electric field on bioleaching,and the effect of the applied electric field on the extracellular electron transfer,cell permeability and community of microbial cells was taken as an example to analyze the mechanism of the enhanced microbial leaching by the applied electric field.Finally,the influence of the applied electric field on the metal dissolution rate,solute and the seepage capacity of microorganisms during the leaching process was analyzed.The methods to improve the bioleaching efficiency from the perspective of electrochemical strengthening were proposed,which can be of reference for future research in this field.

关 键 词：电场 生物浸出 胞外电子传递 渗流 微生物 金属浸出 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]