生物活性支架材料修复骨质疏松性骨缺损  

Bioactive scaffolds in repairing osteoporotic bone defects

作　　者：侯建明 李琦[1] Hou Jianming;Li Qi(Department of Dental Implantology,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010030,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学附属医院口腔科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市010030

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第21期3423-3429,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2020MS08036),项目负责人:李琦。

摘　　要：背景:随着化学合成技术的发展,根据生物活性支架材料的特性,经材料设计和材料结合而制备多组分、多功能的复合材料支架,进而修复骨质疏松性骨缺损已成为当今的研究热点。目的:介绍生物活性骨组织工程支架材料,讨论并总结不同支架材料及其设计在修复骨质疏松性骨缺损中的应用。方法:作者以“Osteoporosis,Bone defect,Scaffold,骨质疏松,骨缺损,支架”为关键词,检索2008-2022年期间PubMed、Web of Science、Springerlink、Medline、万方、CNKI数据库,选择生物活性支架修复骨质疏松性骨缺损方面的的相关文献。结果与结论:生物活性支架的植入为修复骨质疏松性骨缺损带来了新的方法,如金属材料、生物陶瓷、聚合物等生物活性支架均有良好的促进骨再生作用。但是在骨质疏松的不平衡骨改建下,单一材料支架促进骨再生能力有限,且经常出现骨整合不良。研究者们根据理想支架的特性和各种材料的优缺点,通过材料结合和设计将生物活性物质纳入支架中,设计制备了一系列功能化的生物活性复合材料支架,以改善骨改建和增强骨整合。随着对各类型生物活性支架材料的深入了解,明确其优劣势及局限性,立足支架设计思想,从单一成分到多组分的结合,通过表面修饰、3D打印等各种手段,一定会逐步实现生物活性支架在骨质疏松性骨缺损治疗中更加多功能化、高效率的应用。BACKGROUND:With the development of chemical synthesis technology,according to the chara cteristics of bioactive scaffolds,the fabrication of multicomponent and m ultifunctional composite scaffolds by mate rial combination and material design to repair osteoporotic bone defects has become a research hotspot.OBJECTIVE:To introduce bioactive bone tissue engineering scaffolds,discuss and summarize the application of different scaffold mate rials and their designs in repairing osteoporotic bone defects.METHODS:PubMed,Web of Science,Springerlink,Medline,Wanfang and CNKI databases were retrieved with "osteoporosis,bone defect,scaffold as Chinese and English key words for relevant a rticles on the re pair of osteoporotic bone defects with bioactive scaffolds published from 2008 to 2022.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The implantation of bioactive scaffolds has brought a new method for repairing osteoporotic bone defects,such as metal materials,bioceramics,polymers and other bioactive scaffolds,which have a good role in promoting bone regeneration.However,in the case of unbalanced bone remodeling in osteoporosis,the ability of single-material scaffolds to promote bone regeneration is limited,and poor bone integration often occurs.According to the characteristics of ideal scaffolds and the advantages and disadvantages of various mate rials,researchers designed and made a series of functional bioactive composite mate rials to improve bone remodeling and enhance bone integration by incorporating bioactive substances into scaffolds thro ugh material combination and mate rial design.With the in-depth understanding of va rious types of bioactive scaffold materials,their advantages,disadvantages and limitations will be clarified.Based on the idea of scaffold design,from single component to multi-component combination,through surfa ce modification,3 D printing and other means,the bioactive scaffolds will be gradually applied in the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects in a more multifunctional and efficient manner.

关 键 词：生物活性材料 支架 骨质疏松 骨缺损 骨组织工程 骨再生 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1