连续灌溉对张家界植烟土壤有机氮矿化的影响  

Effects of Applying Continuous Irrigation on Soil Organic Nitrogen Mineralization in Zhangjiajie Tobacco Field

作　　者：戴曦 赵振祥 操张洪 王东 姚旺 彭宇 DAI Xi;ZHAO Zhen-xiang;CAO Zhang-hong;WANG Dong;YAO Wang;PENG Yu(Zhangjiajie Tobacco Company,Hunan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Zhangjiajie 427000,PRC;Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410019,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省烟草公司张家界市公司,湖南张家界427000 [2]湖南中烟技术中心,湖南长沙410019

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第10期37-40,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南中烟工业有限责任公司项目(KY2019YC0001)。

摘　　要：采用田间原位培养试验研究了不同灌溉方式(全垄沟连续灌溉、半垄沟连续灌溉和不灌溉)对植烟土壤有机氮矿化速率、矿化累积量以及烟株氮吸收累积量的影响。结果表明:灌溉对土壤有机氮的矿化速率、矿化量以及烟株总氮累积量和干物质累积量均具有显著影响;土壤有机氮矿化速率和矿化量在烤烟生长发育前期平缓升高,中期先快速增加后迅速下降,后期稍增加后再下降;在烤烟大田生育中期,半垄沟连续灌溉处理的土壤有机氮矿化速率和矿化量快速增大,显著高于不灌溉和全垄沟连续灌溉处理;现蕾时(烟苗移栽后62 d),半垄沟连续灌溉处理的土壤有机氮矿化量达到峰值(8.15 mg/kg),分别是全垄沟连续灌溉和不灌溉处理的1.73和1.22倍;半垄沟连续灌溉处理的烟株总氮累积量和干物质累积量最大,其总氮累积量分别为全垄沟连续灌溉和不灌溉处理的1.24和1.29倍。Field soil in situ incubating trials were carried out to study the effects of different irrigation modes(i.e.whole ridge/furrow continuous irrigation,interval ridge/furrow continuous irrigation,and CK:no irrigation relying on natural precipitation and drainage)on the rate of soil organic nitrogen mineralization,the gross organic N mineralized in tobacco field,and the cumulative N absorption of tobacco plants.The results showed that irrigation had significant effects on the mineralization rate and amount of soil organic N,and total N and dry matter accumulations of tobacco plants.Soil N mineralization rate and amount underwent a process of gently increasing in the early stage,rapidly increasing→rapidly decreasing in the middle stage,and slightly increasing→decreasing in the later stage.In the middle growth stage of field tobacco,the soil organic N mineralization rate and amount increased rapidly under interval ridge/furrow continuous irrigation,and were significantly higher than those under the other two modes;at the time of budding(62 d after transplanting),its soil N mineralization reached the peak of 8.15 mg/kg,which was 1.73 and 1.22 times that under whole ridge/furrow continuous irrigation and no irrigation,respectively;and the total N and dry matter accumulations of tobacco plants under interval ridge/furrow continuous irrigation were the largest,and the total N accumulation was 1.24 and 1.29 times that under whole ridge/furrow continuous irrigation and no irrigation,respectively.

关 键 词：连续灌溉 植烟土壤 氮矿化 张家界 

分 类 号：S365[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S156.92[农业科学—农艺学]