基于分区支承力学模型的综放工作面顶板矿压演化与压架预测  

Predicting ground pressure evolution and support crushing of fully mechanized top coal caving face based on zoning support mechanical model

作　　者：徐刚[1,2] 张春会 蔺星宇[1,2] 迟国铭 范志忠 于永江[4] XU Gang;ZHANG Chunhui;LIN Xingyu;CHI Guoming;FAN Zhizhong;YU Yongjiang(Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100014,China;School of Civil Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;China Energy Shendong Co.,Ltd.,Shenmu 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100014 [3]河北科技大学建筑工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [4]辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [5]国家能源集团神东煤炭集团有限责任公司,陕西神木719315

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第10期3622-3633,共12页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家应急管理部科技助力经济2020重点资助项目(SQ2020YFF0426364);河北省教育厅重点资助项目(ZD2020338);天地科技股份有限公司科技创新基金重点资助项目(KJ-2019-TDKCZD-01)。

摘　　要：为预测综放工作面压架灾害,在综放顶板分区支承力学模型基础上,提出了综放工作面大采厚顶板矿压演化计算方法和支架压架判据,编制了相应的计算程序,分析了综放工作面顶板矿压演化规律,研究结果表明:①综放工作面顶板矿压演化包括4个阶段,分别为缓慢增阻阶段、顶板断裂阶段、快速增阻阶段和失稳阶段。②缓慢增阻阶段顶板沉降量小,支架增阻量小,顶板来压不强烈;快速增阻阶段顶板沉降量大,支架增阻显著。③顶板断裂阶段是矿压从缓慢增阻向快速增阻转变的过渡阶段。顶板煤壁前方断裂时,顶板的边界条件改变,顶板来压剧烈,支架增阻量大,易于引起安全阀开启,若顶板沉降量超过支架活柱允许压缩量,引发大面积切顶压架事故。④当工作面推进至断裂线处,顶板失稳,支架急增阻,若垮落覆岩作用于支架上的荷载超过支架额定工作阻力,安全阀开启,易于引发大面积压架事故。⑤支架额定工作阻力和初撑力设计应遵循的原则是:在缓慢增阻和快速增阻阶段,支架承担的荷载不超过支架额定工作阻力;在顶板断裂阶段,支架应具有足够的可压缩空间卸位让压;在失稳阶段,支架应具有足够的额定工作阻力承担垮落覆岩作用荷载。⑥酸刺沟煤矿6105-2综放工作面采用ZF15000/26/42四柱支承掩护式支架,初撑力10800 kN,支架额定工作阻力不足,易于发生大面积压架事故。In order to predict hydraulic support crushing accidents in fully mechanized top coal caving face,based on the zoning support mechanical model of main roof,the calculation method of roof ground pressure evolution and support crushing criterion in fully mechanized top coal caving face are put forward.And the corresponding calculation code is developed,and the evolution laws of roof ground pressure in fully mechanized top coal caving face with large mining height is researched.The results include that:①There are four evolution stages of the roof ground pressure in fully mechanized top coal caving face,including slow resistance-increasing stage,roof fracturing stage,fast resistance-increasing stage and instability stage.②In slow resistance-increasing stage,the roof settlement is small,and the support resistance slowly increases with unremarkable roof pressure.In fast resistance-increasing stage,the roof settlement is large,and the support resistance quickly increases with remarkable roof pressure.③The roof fracturing stage is a transition from slow resistance-increasing stage to fast resistance-increasing stage.When the main roof fractures in the front of the roof coal wall,the boundary condition of main roof changes.The roof pressure is intensive,and the increasing resistance of the support is large.Those easily lead to opening of the safety valve.If the roof settlement exceeds the allowable value of movable column of hydraulic support,large area support crushing accident will appear.④When the working face arrives at the fracture line position,due to the large mining height,the roof loses stability.If the load of overburden on the support exceeds the rated working resistance,the safety valve is opened.Which is easy to cause large area support crushing accidents.⑤The design principles of the rated working resistance and initial force of the support are:In slow resistance-increasing and fast resistance-increasing stages,the loads on the support could not exceed the rated working resistance of the support;In

关 键 词：矿压演化 压架判据 综放工作面 分区支承力学模型 支架额定工作阻力 

分 类 号：TD326[矿业工程—矿井建设]