煤岩破坏电磁辐射定位技术方法  

Electromagnetic radiation location technology for coal and rock failure

作　　者：宋大钊[1,2,3] 何学秋 韦梦菡[1,2,3] 娄全 刘洋 SONG Dazhao;HE Xueqiu;WEI Menghan;LOU Quan;LIU Yang(National Academy of Safety Sciences,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Zhong An Academy of Safety Engineering,Beijing 100083,China;School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467041,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学大安全科学研究院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学金属矿山教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [4]中安安全工程研究院,北京100083 [5]河南城建学院市政与环境工程学院,河南平顶山467041

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第10期3654-3667,共14页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174162);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(FRF-IDRY-20-006,FRF-TP-20-002A3)。

摘　　要：煤岩电磁辐射技术作为一种无损、实时、非接触、前兆性强的地球物理监测方法,在煤岩结构稳定性及应力状态评估、煤岩动力灾害监测预警中发挥了重要作用。然而,当前该技术主要通过电磁前兆信号时序变化预警煤岩动力灾害,不能实现对灾害孕灾区域的定位,无法指导防治措施精准实施,从而制约了该技术的发展应用。对此,围绕煤岩破坏电磁辐射定位技术方法开展了系统研究。基于磁性多层膜材料的隧道磁电阻效应,研发了新型电磁矢量传感器,传感器在三轴方向上具有显著的独立性,互不干扰,对夹角余弦的响应表现出高线性度,为煤岩破坏电磁辐射定位奠定了基础,揭示了煤岩破坏电磁辐射的矢量特性。三分量电磁信号在时域上同步到达,波形存在明显差异,频域上信号主频一致,幅频分布相似,可视为主破裂产生的电磁场在3个方向上的分量。基于煤岩破坏发生时电荷分离、运动的过程,建立了等效的电磁辐射场源模型和煤岩破坏电磁辐射定位方程,并进行了数值模拟和实验验证,定位效果理想。研究成果是煤岩电磁辐射监测技术领域的原始创新,初步将该技术从预测“危险是否会发生?”拓展到预测“危险将在何处发生?”。研究旨在推动煤矿动力灾害监测预警技术装备的升级与创新,为我国煤矿智能化发展提供支撑。As a nondestructive, real-time, non-contact and predictive geophysical monitoring method, the electromagnetic radiation technology plays an important role in evaluating structural stability and stress state of coal and rock, as well as monitoring and early warning on coal and rock dynamic disasters. At present, the time series changes of electromagnetic precursor signals are mainly used for the early warning of coal-rock dynamic disasters. The electromagnetic radiation technology has not yet been able to achieve the location of the disaster area. Therefore, it is impossible to guide the precise implementation of prevention and control measures, which restricts the development and application of this technology. In this regard, a systematic study has been carried out on the electromagnetic radiation location technology and method for coal and rock failure. A new type of electromagnetic vector sensor is developed according to the roadway magnetoresistance effect of magnetic multilayer film materials, which lays the foundation for electromagnetic radiation location. The sensor has significant independence in the three-axis direction, and the response to the cosine of the included angle shows high linearity. The vector characteristics of electromagnetic radiation from coal rock failure are revealed. In the time domain, the three-component electromagnetic signals arrive synchronously, and there are obvious differences between the waveforms. In the frequency domain, the dominant frequencies of the signals are the same, and the amplitude-frequency distributions are similar. They can be regarded as the components of the electromagnetic field generated by the main fracture in three orthogonal directions. Based on the process of charge separation and movement when coal and rock failure occur, an equivalent electromagnetic field source model and location equation are established. Then numerical simulation and experimental verification are carried out, and the ideal electromagnetic location effect is obtained. The research i

关 键 词：煤岩破坏 电磁辐射 定位 监测预警 矢量特征 场源模型 

分 类 号：TD326[矿业工程—矿井建设] P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]