可见光催化降解水中卤代有机污染物的研究进展  

Research progress on degradation of halogenated organic contaminants in water by visible light photocatalysis

作　　者：刘怡璇 林跃朝 马伟芳[1] LIU Yixuan;LIN Yuechao;MA Weifang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Water Science and Technology Research Institute,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第S01期571-579,共9页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：北京市科技计划(Z211100004321001)。

摘　　要：卤代有机污染物(HOCs)在水环境中检出频率高达45%,由于其具有毒性大、持久性强和易累积等特点,该类污染物引发的环境问题已引起越来越多的关注。可见光催化技术具有高效太阳能利用率、强选择性及反应条件温和、处理费用低等优点,对于降解水中HOCs具有独特的处理优势,因此近年来被广泛研究。本文梳理了可见光催化降解水中HOCs的核心脱卤机制,包括氧化脱卤、还原脱卤和水解脱卤,在脱卤机制的基础上汇总了三大类主流催化剂的脱卤贡献率,主要包括金属基光催化剂、碳基光催化剂及其他新型光催化剂三类光催化材料。基于可见光作用下降解水中HOCs的应用案例分析,探讨了光催化反应过程中的主要影响因素是溶液pH、催化剂用量及反应温度等。可见光催化降解去除效率高是本技术的核心优势,但由于催化剂的成本高和选择性差导致了其无法大规模应用,未来可见光催化材料设计应向成本低廉、精准匹配污染物从而实现高选择性的方向改进。Halogenated organic contaminants(HOCs)are frequently detected in water with 45%detection frequency.These contaminants have attracted world-wide attention due to their high toxicity,strong persistence and easy accumulation.Visible-light photocatalysis shows advantages in HOCs contaminated wastewater treatment due to the high efficiency and selectivity,low cost and processing condition restrictions.Therefore,visible-light photocatalysis technology as practicable approach for refractory wastewater treatment have been studied extensively.We firstly introduce the primary mechanisms of visible photocatalytic degradation of HOCs in water,including oxidative dehalogenation,reductive dehalogenation and hydrolytic dehalogenation,then summarize the dehalogenation contribution of the three mainstream catalysts on the basis of their dehalogenation mechanisms,namely metal-based photocatalysts,carbon-based photocatalysts and other new photocatalytic materials.Based on the application case analysis,the main influencing factors for the photocatalytic reaction are discussed,such as solution pH,catalyst dosage and reaction temperature.The high degradation efficiency is the primary advantage of this technology, but the high cost and poor selectivity of the catalysts prevent its large-scaleapplication. In the future, the design of visible photocatalytic materials shall be improved in the directionof low cost and precise matching of pollutants to achieve high selectivity.

关 键 词：光化学 催化剂 降解 卤代有机污染物 光催化效率 材料改性 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]