城际铁路地下车站公共区防火设计优化探讨  

Discussion on Fire Prevention Design Optimization of Public Area of Intercity Railway Underground Station

作　　者：周梅 ZHOU Mei(Guangdong Provincial Railway Construction Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510645,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省铁路建设投资集团有限公司,广州510645

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2022年第11期147-151,共5页Railway Standard Design

摘　　要：城际铁路设计规范要求地下车站建筑消防设计执行地铁标准,但由于城际铁路列车编组长度较地铁长,造成其站厅公共区长度长、面积大,按照地铁消防设计标准,一般单岛车站需要在车站中部增设安全出口,或出入口通道与主体接口进行扩宽处理才能满足规范对于站厅疏散距离的要求,一般两线换乘站站厅公共区建筑面积超过5000 m^(2),需要进行防火分隔,并增设出入口或安全出口。从建筑防火的目的及基本原理出发,结合国内相关规范及以往地铁火灾案例开展相关研究,研究表明:建筑防火的主要目的是确保生命安全,其次是财产损失可控;站厅公共区面积控制主要与财产损失相关,公共区疏散时间主要与生命安全相关,排烟系统、自动喷水灭火系统等消防设施的配置情况对可用疏散时间有至关重要的作用,综合考虑车站使用功能、投资、运营管理、消防设置配置情况等因素,建议车站站厅公共区设置自动喷水灭火系统时,其疏散距离可增加25%,车站站厅公共区建筑面积按10000 m^(2)控制。The intercity railway design code requires that the fire protection design of underground stations should comply with thesubway standards.However,since the train marshalling length of the intercity railway is longer than that of the subway,the public area of the station hall is comparatively longer and larger.According to the fire protection design standard of the subway,single-island stations,in general,need to add safety exits in the middle of the station or the entrance and exit channels and main interfaces are expanded to meet the requirements of the regulations on the evacuation distance of the station hall.Generally,where the building area of the public area of the station hall for two-line transfer is more than 5000 m^(2),fire separation is required and an entrance or safety exit is added.Based on the purpose and basic principle of building fire prevention and in combination with relevant domestic regulations and previous subway fire cases,relevant researches are conducted.Research results show that the main purpose of building fire prevention is to ensure the safety of life,followed by property loss control;the control of public area of station hall is mainly related to property damage and public area evacuation time is mainly related to the safety of life;the exhaust system,automatic sprinkler system and fire control facilities configuration play a vital role in evacuation time.Considering station service function,investment,operation management and fire protection setting configuration,it is suggested that when the automatic sprinkler system is installed in the common area of the station hall,the evacuation distance should be increased by 25%,and the building area of the common area of the station hall should be controlled by 10000 m^(2).

关 键 词：城际铁路 地下车站 建筑防火 安全疏散 设计优化 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TU921[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]