全球铂族金属资源分布、供需及消费格局  

Global PGEs resource distribution,supply and demand and consumption trends

作　　者：王丰翔 李晓明[4] 栾卓然 张伟波 张万益[5] WANG Fengxiang;LI Xiaoming;LUAN Zhuoran;ZHANG Weibo;ZHANG Wanyi(Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Magmatic Mineralization and Ore-Prospecting,Geological Survey Institute of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Beijing 100037,China;Key Laboratory of Regional Geology and Mineralization/Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,Hebei,China;Hebei Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute,Shijiazhuang 050021,Hebei,China;Development Research Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区岩浆活动成矿与找矿重点实验室/内蒙古自治区地质调查院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [3]河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室/河北地质大学,河北石家庄050031 [4]河北省地质环境监测院,河北石家庄050021 [5]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100037

出　　处：《地质通报》2022年第10期1829-1846,共18页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《国家地质调查成果集成与规划》(编号:DD20190464);《境外大型矿产资源基地及资源潜力评价》(编号:DD20190437);河北地质大学博士科研启动基金(编号:BQ2018032)。

摘　　要：中国铂族元素(Platinum group elements,PGEs)矿产资源的需求量呈现不断增加的趋势,对外依存度高达98%,存在巨大的供应风险。从全球PGEs矿产资源的产出环境、分布特征和成因类型出发,结合近10年全球PGEs矿产资源的开发与消费,研判中国PGEs产业链的消费形势和供需格局,深入分析世界和中国PGEs矿产资源的未来发展趋势,提出保障中国PGEs资源安全供应的合理化建议,以期实现PGEs资源的储量保障和合理配置。研究表明,①全球PGEs资源储量稀缺,空间分布集中,主要分布在南非、津巴布韦、俄罗斯和北美等国家或地区,中国探明PGEs资源量所占比重不足世界资源量的1%,对外依存度高达98%;②全球PGEs矿床成因类型多样,但以产于镁铁质—超镁铁质大火成岩省内的岩浆型PGEs矿床为主,占全球PGEs矿床数量10%的大型—超大型矿床则占据了世界PGEs资源量的85%。③近3年,全球和中国PGEs勘查工作进入低谷期,新发现资源较少。未来10年全球供应量将不会呈现明显的增长。与此同时,由于全球PGEs供应量主要被欧美、南非和俄罗斯等矿业寡头控制,中国大型PGEs矿业企业国际竞争力相对较弱;④未来10年中国PGEs需求量将高达160~185 t,年均增长率约为2.67%,建立战略储备、稳定全球供应和加强循环利用势在必行。The demand for PGEs mineral resources in China shows an increasing trend,and the external dependence is as high as 98%,which is a huge supply risk.This paper summarizes geological environment,distribution,and genetic type of the world-class PGEs deposits,and we also count supply and demand date of PGEs in China and the world in recent ten years(2011-2019),such as the exploration,consumption and the industrial chain.And then,we forecast the PGEs consumption,supply patterns and trends of China in next few years,and we also offer reasonable suggestions.Research shows that:①Global PGEs reserve is scarce,but the distribution is more concentrated,mainly distributed in South Africa,Zimbabwe,Russia and North America.China's proved PGEs resources accounted for<1%of the world's resource,therefore external dependence is very high;②the genetic types of the PGEs deposit is various,but the magmatic PGEs deposits,especially outputed in mafic-ultramafic volcanic rocks,is the most important,with 10%large-superlarge deposits accounting for 85%of the world's PGEs resources;③The world’s and China’s PGEs exploration is at low ebb,and the increasing of PGEs resources and supply is not obvious.Especially,most of the world-renowned mining companies are mainly controlled by European and American,South African and Russian mining oligarchs,and China's large PGEs mining are relatively weak in international competitiveness;④China has established a relatively complete PGEs industrial chain,and the demand for PGEs in China in the next ten years may be as high as 160~185 t,with an average annual growth rate of 2.67%.Therefore,it is imperative to establish strategic reserve,stabilize global supply and strengthen recycling.

关 键 词：铂族元素 资源分布 供需形势 形势分析 战略性矿产 矿产调查工程 

分 类 号：P618.53[天文地球—矿床学]