基于IADL健康标准的我国老年人健康预期寿命研究  

Healthy Life Expectancy of the Elderly in China Based on IADL Health Standard

作　　者：温勇[1] 林章城 WEN Yong;LIN Zhangcheng(School of Science,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《人口与社会》2022年第5期35-46,共12页Population and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“积极老龄化视角下老年友好型社区构建研究”(20BRK030)。

摘　　要：健康预期寿命研究中的IADL标准衡量了老年人的“独立生活能力”,能反映老年人的生命质量。利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2013—2018年追踪数据,在IADL标准下对我国老人的健康预期寿命进行测算。结果表明我国60岁老年人的剩余预期寿命中,约13年的时间具有“独立生活的能力”;约6.8年的时间需要人员介护;约3.2年的时间需要人员照护。同时,我国老年人健康预期寿命存在较大的性别和城乡差异。虽然男性老年人的平均预期寿命短于女性老人,但在IADL标准下,男性老人的健康预期寿命明显长于女性;城镇老年人的平均预期寿命和健康预期寿命都长于农村老年人,农村老人的养老形势更为严峻。为提高我国老年人的生存质量,各地政府部门应按照不同群体老人的实际情况制定相应政策。The IADL standard in the study of healthy life expectancy measures the “independently living ability” of the elderly, which can better reflect the quality of life of the elderly. Using the tracking data of CHARLS(2013—2018), the healthy life expectancy of the elderly in China is calculated under the IADL standard. The results show that about 13 years of the remaining life expectancy of the 60-year-old Chinese have the “ability to live independently”, about 6.8 years to be looked after, and about 3.2 years to be nursed. At the same time, there are large gender and urban-rural differences in the healthy life expectancy of the elderly in China. Although the average life expectancy of male elderly is lower than that of female elderly, under the IADL standard, the healthy life expectancy of male elderly is significantly higher than that of female elderly. The average life expectancy and healthy life expectancy of the urban elderly are higher than those of the rural elderly, and the elderly care situation in rural areas is more severe. To improve the quality of life of the elderly in our country, local government departments should formulate corresponding policies according to the actual situation of different groups of the elderly.

关 键 词：IADL 自理能力 独立生活能力 健康预期寿命 平均预期寿命 生命质量 

分 类 号：C92[社会学—人口学]