不同树龄香榧林地土壤养分的变化规律  

Changes of Soil Nutrients in Different Aged Torreya grandis ’Merrillii’ Stand

作　　者：刘亚群[1] 刘荣昌 韩素芳[1] 柏明娥[1] LIU Ya-qun;LIU Rong-chang;HAN Su-fang;BAI Ming-e(Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023,China;Chun’an Fuxi Forest Farm of Zhejiang,Chun’an 311700,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省林业科学研究院,浙江杭州310023 [2]浙江省淳安县富溪林场,浙江淳安311700

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2022年第6期6-13,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省省院合作重点项目(2018SY09)。

摘　　要：为了解不同树龄香榧Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’林地的土壤养分变化,对浙江省香榧主产区树龄为15~99a、100~299 a、300~499 a、500~999 a和≥1 000 a香榧林地土壤养分含量进行分析,研究不同树龄香榧林地的土壤养分状况及其随树龄和土层的变化规律。结果表明:土壤水解性N含量随着树龄的增加呈现出逐渐下降的变化趋势,土壤有效P、速效K和有机质含量均随着树龄的增加先上升后下降,含量最高的均为树龄100~299 a香榧林地;土壤pH值随着树龄的增加呈波动式变化,总体呈上升趋势;土壤Ca含量随着树龄的增加呈先降后升的变化规律,土壤Mg含量随着树龄的增加而变化的规律性不明显;相同树龄段土壤速效养分、有机质、Ca含量均随着土层的加深而逐渐下降,而土壤Mg含量随着土层的加深反而稍有升高。方差分析结果表明,树龄对土壤速效养分含量、有机质含量、pH值和Ca、Mg含量均有显著影响,土层对土壤速效养分和有机质含量影响显著,而对土壤pH值和Ca、Mg含量的影响不显著。土壤养分间的相关性分析表明,土壤有机质含量与水解性N含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与有效P、速效K含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);土壤速效K含量与有效P含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),土壤pH值与Ca含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而与水解性N、有效P、速效K含量呈负相关,与有机质含量呈正相关,但相关性不明显(P>0.05)。根据香榧林地的土壤养分状况,特别是近几年新发展的香榧林地,需适当降低N肥的施用量,增施有机肥,防止土壤酸化,合理调控N、P、K的比例,实现养分的高效利用。以上研究结果可为不同树龄香榧林地的施肥策略、施肥方式等养分精准管理提供参考。During October and November 2019, 49 sample plots were established in Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ stands with age of 15-99-year,100-299-year, 300-499-year, 500-999-year and ≥1 000-year in main production area, namely Zhuji, Shaoxing, Shengzhou, Dongyang and Pan’an of Zhejiang province. Determinations on soil nutrients showed that the content of soil hydrolytic N decreased gradually with the increase of tree age, and the content of soil available P, available K and organic matter increased first and then decreased, with the highest content in the 100-299-year stand.The soil pH value fluctuated with the increase of tree age, and showed an overall increasing trend. The content of Ca in soil decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of tree age, while the content of Mg had no evident change with tree age. The contents of soil available nutrient, organic matter and Ca decreased with the depth of soil layer, while the content of Mg was opposite. Variance analysis showed that tree age had significant effects on content of soil available nutrients, organic matter, Ca, Mg content and pH and soil layer had significant effects on soil available nutrients and organic matter content, but had no significant effects on pH, Ca and Mg content. The correlation analysis among soil nutrients demonstrated that soil organic matter content had extremely significant positive relation with available N(P<0.01), and evident positive relation with available P and available K(P < 0.05). Soil available K content had extremely significant positive relation with available P(P < 0.01). Soil pH had extremely significant positive relation with Ca(P < 0.01), but negative with hydrolytic N, available P and available K, and it had no obvious positive relation with organic matter(P > 0.05).

关 键 词：香榧林地 土壤 养分含量 树龄 土层 变化规律 

分 类 号：S791.53[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.8[农业科学—林学]