临床一线护士职业暴露现状及暴露后处置情况的调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on the status quo of clinical nurse exposure among clinical nurses and post-exposure management

作　　者：张立娟 张志云 谢美莲 程宏 王克荣 ZHANG Lijuan;ZHANG Zhiyun;XIE Meilian;CHENG Hong;WANG Kerong(Nursing Department,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Beijing,100015,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院护理部,北京市100015 [2]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院红丝带之家,北京市100015

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2022年第10期1525-1529,共5页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：2021-2022年社会组织参与艾滋病防治基金项目(2021-2022110105NGOPLWH813808C)。

摘　　要：目的 :调查国内医疗机构中临床一线护士呼吸道传染疾病或血源性传染疾病职业暴露的发生情况及职业暴露后上报的情况。方法 :便利选取符合入选标准的19 738名临床一线护士作为研究对象,对其进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括基本信息、职业暴露基本知识、职业暴露风险评估3个部分,调查对象通过问卷星匿名填写问卷。结果:共收集有效问卷19 738份,了解职业暴露的基本知识、知道标准预防的被调查者占96.5%(19 047例),认为在工作中可以做到标准预防的占73.6%(14 527例)。56.1%(11 067例)的被调查者在工作中曾发生过职业暴露,且暴露部位多为手部,发生职业暴露后选择上报的占65.3%(7 225例)。结论 :临床一线护士职业暴露风险高,职业暴露现状不容乐观,职业防护仍亟待加强。Objective: To investigate the status quo of clinical nurses exposure to respiratory transmitted diseases and bloodborne infections among medical workers in various medical institutions in China and the post-exposure report rate.Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 19,738 clinical nurses who met the inclusion criteria as the research subjects. A self-made questionnaire comprised of three parts: basic information, basic knowledge of occupational exposure,occupational exposure risk assessment was used for survey. Subjects could fill the questionnaire on wjx.com. Results: A total of 19,738 pieces of questionnaire were collected, all of which were valid. According to the results, 96.5%(19,047 cases) who understood the basics of occupational exposure and knew about standard precautions, and 73.6%(14,527 cases) who thought that standard precautions could be achieved at work. 56.1%(11,067 cases) of the clinical nurse had occupational exposure at work, and most of which occured to their hands and 65.3%(7225 cases) of whom chose to report after occupational exposure.Conclusion: The domestic occupational exposure risk among clinical nurses is high, and the protection against occupational exposure remains to be strengthened.

关 键 词：临床护士 职业暴露 血源性传染病 针刺伤 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]