鲟鱼循环水养殖系统中生物滤池的水质变化及微生物群落结构响应  

Response of Microbial Community Structure in Biofilter of Recirculating Aquaculture System of Sturgeon to Water Quality Change

作　　者：陈奇 宋协法[1] 周广军 薛致勇 Chen Qi;Song Xiefa;Zhou Guangjun;Xue Zhiyong(College of Fisheries,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute,Yantai 264034,China;Haiyang Yellow Sea Aquatic Product Limited Company,Yantai 265122,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]烟台市海洋经济研究院,山东烟台264034 [3]海阳市黄海水产有限公司,山东烟台265122

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第11期56-66,共11页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2019YFD0900504)资助。

摘　　要：为了解鲟鱼循环水养殖系统中生物滤池内部的水质变化与微生物群落结构之间的响应关系,本研究分析了各级生物滤池的水质参数、水处理效果和不同时期的细菌群落结构。研究表明:四级曝气式生物滤池可以有效地维持系统稳定运行,经过生物滤池处理后的水质完全符合鲟鱼的养殖要求。生物滤池中化学需氧量、总氨氮、亚硝态氮的去除率分别达到33.77%、60.23%、15.56%,生物滤池的总氨氮去除率相差显著,相较于前3级生物滤池,4级生物滤池对氨氮的去除效果不明显,其可能存在功能性浪费。生物滤池中的微生物隶属于37个门、561个属、926个种,其优势菌为变形菌门(Proteobacteria,19.4%~38.1%)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,10.6%~27.3%)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflex,10.7%~21.1%)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes,3.9%~30.9%)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobiota,1.0%~12.1%);在第3个时间点生物滤池的微生物群落和多样性最丰富。本研究发现,该系统生物滤池中的细菌群落结构存在时间、空间上的变化,细菌群落的时空变化对水质变化有一定程度的动态响应。In order to understand the response of the microbial community structure in a biofilter in recirculating aquaculture system of sturgeon to water quality change,the water quality parameters,water treatment effect and bacterial community structure at different running stages of the biofilter were analyzed.The results showed that the 4-stage aerated biofilter can effectively maintain the stable operation of the system,and the water quality treated by biofiltering completely meets the requirements of sturgeon breeding.The removal rates of COD,TAN and NO-N in the biofilter were 33.77%,60.23%and 15.56%,respectively.Compared with the first three stages,the removal effect of ammonia nitrogen at the fourth stage is not obvious,thus the functional waste may occur.The microorganisms in the biofilter are 926 species in 561 genera and 37 phyla,and the dominant bacteria are Proteobacteria(19.4%~38.1%),Bacteroidetes(10.6%~27.3%),Chloroflex(10.7%~21.1%),Planctomycetes(3.9%~30.9%)and Verrucomicrobiota(1.0%~12.1%).At the third time point,the biofilter had the most abundant and diverse microbial community.It was found that the bacterial community structure in the biofilter had temporal and spatial changes,and such changes had a certain degree of dynamic response to water quality.

关 键 词：杂交鲟 循环水养殖系统 生物滤池 微生物群落 水质响应 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]