16世纪50年代初巴利亚多利德辩论及其影响  

The Valladolid Debate in the Early 1650s and Its Influence

作　　者：王晓德[1] WANG Xiao-de(College of Sociology and History,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian,350117,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院,福建福州350117

出　　处：《史学集刊》2022年第6期4-20,共17页Collected Papers of History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“‘退化论’与启蒙时期欧洲构建美洲形象及其影响研究”(17ASS005)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：研究西班牙王室对美洲的征服与殖民化进程,巴利亚多利德辩论是个绕不开的重要事件。这场辩论反映出基督教框架下西班牙精英阶层对印第安人认知的两种对立观念,涉及当时西班牙王室征服美洲是否具有合法性基础,美洲土著人由此成为这个问题所针对的对象。这场辩论没有决出胜负,处于奴役之下的印第安人的悲惨境况自然不会得到根本改善。这场辩论是欧洲人构建美洲“他者”形象的具体化,赋予了西班牙王室征服美洲的合法性内涵。从观念史的视角考察这场辩论,可以更为深刻地认识欧洲人早期美洲观中所蕴含的欧洲中心主义本质。The Valladolid debate is an important event in the study of the process of conquest and colonization of Americans by the Spanish royal court.This debate reflected the two opposing views of the Spanish elites on Indians under the Christian framework, which involved whether the Spanish royal court had a legitimate basis for conquering the Americans at that time.Thus, the Native Americans became the object of answering this question.This debate had not decided who was the winner or loser, and the tragic situation of the enslaved Indians would not be fundamentally improved.This debate is the concretization of the image of the American “other” constructed by Europeans and endowed the Spanish royal court with the meaning of legitimacy to conquer the Americas.Examining this debate from the perspective of the history of ideas, we can have a deeper understanding of the essence of Eurocentrism contained in the early European ideas of America.

关 键 词：巴利亚多利德辩论 塞普尔韦达 拉斯卡萨斯 印第安人 

分 类 号：K13[历史地理—历史学]