2020年重庆市万州区4类公共场所健康危害因素监测分析  

Monitoring results of health hazard factors in four types of public places in Wanzhou district of Chongqing in China,2020

作　　者：程龙凤[1] 彭明权[1] 刘汉林 谭晶双 向恋 童磊 傅荣生 CHENG Long-feng;PENG Ming-quan;LIU Han-lin;TAN Jing-shuang;XIANG Lian;TONG Lei;FU Rong-sheng(Chongqing Wanzhou Center for Disease Control and prevention,Chongqing 404000,China;Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心,重庆404000 [2]重庆三峡医药高等专科学校

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2022年第9期674-679,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：公共场所健康危害因素监测项目。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市万州区公共场所卫生状况,为进一步加强监督监测提供依据。方法对万州区宾馆(酒店)、理发店、大中型商场(超市)和美容店共4类60家公共场所进行健康危害因素监测。依据《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488-2019)和《建筑通风效果测试与评价标准》(JGJ/T 309-2013)进行结果评价。结果2020年重庆市万州区60家公共场所共监测652件样品,合格率为72.86%,其中宾馆(酒店)、理发店、商场(超市)和美容店样品合格率分别为73.42%、56.67%、72.25%和86.36%,美容店样品合格率最高,理发店样品合格率最低,不同场所样品合格率差异有统计学意(χ^(2)=19.95,P<0.05)。宾馆(酒店)不合格指标为噪声、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、空气细菌总数,毛巾、漱口杯和电梯按钮中的细菌总数,电梯按钮中的金黄色葡萄球菌;其中噪声不合格率最高(67.35%),其次是毛巾pH值(36.11%),电梯按钮中金黄色葡萄球菌不合格率为2.78%。理发店不合格指标为噪声、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、毛巾和理发剪/梳中的细菌总数和毛巾pH值,其中噪声不合格率最高(100.00%),其次是毛巾中细菌总数和pH值(不合格率均为46.67%)。商场(超市)不合格指标为噪声、收银台、购物车/篮中的细菌总数,其中噪声不合格率最高(100.00%),其次是收银台细菌总数(18.75%)。美容店不合格指标为毛巾和美容工具中的细菌总数,美容工具中的大肠菌群。其中美容工具的细菌总数不合格率最高(22.73%),美容工具中大肠菌群不合格率为2.27%。结论2020年重庆市万州区4类公共场所健康危害因素监测合格率总体较低,主要是噪声、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、细菌总数和毛巾pH值超标。在电梯按钮和美容工具检出金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠菌群,提示公共用品用具卫生状况较差。建议加强对上述场所突出问题指标的监测力度和监管强度。Objective To investigate the sanitation status of public places in Wanzhou district of Chongqing,China,and to provide a basis for further strengthening supervision and monitoring.Methods Health hazard factors were monitored in 60 public places in Wanzhou district,including hotels,barbershops,large-and medium-sized shopping malls(supermarkets)and beauty shops.The result were evaluated according to the Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places(GB 37488-2019)and the Standard of the Measurement and Evaluation for Efficiency of Building Ventilation(JGJ/T 309-2013).Results In 2020,a total of 652 samples in 60 public places were monitored and showed a qualified rate of 72.86%,and the qualified rates in hotels,barbershops,shopping malls(supermarkets),and beauty shops were 73.42%,56.67%,72.25%and 86.36%,respectively;the samples from beauty shops had the highest qualified rate,while those from barbershops had the lowest qualification rate,and there was a significant difference in the qualified rate of samples among the different types of places(χ^(2)=19.95,P<0.05).The unqualified indicators of hotels were noise,PM_(10),PM_(2.5),total bacterial count in air,total bacterial count on towels/mouthwash cups/elevator buttons,and Staphylococcus aureus on elevator buttons,among which noise had the highest unqualified rate of 67.35%,followed by the pH value of towels(36.11%),and the unqualified rate of Staphylococcus aureus on elevator buttons was 2.78%.The unqualified indicators of barbershops were noise,PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) in air,total bacterial count on towels and hair scissors/combs,and the pH value of towels,among which noise had the highest unqualified rate of 100%,followed by total bacterial count on towels and the pH value of towels(both of unqualified rates were 46.67%).The unqualified indicators of shopping malls(supermarkets)were noise,and total bacterial count on cash registers and shopping carts/baskets,among which noise had the highest unqualified rate of 100%,followed by total bacterial count on cash registe

关 键 词：公共场所 室内空气 公共用品用具 健康危害因素 监测 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]