不同灭酶条件下油体得率、成分的变化及油体性质分析  

Analysis of Oil Body Yield,Composition Changes and Oil Properties under Different Enzyme Inactivation Conditions

作　　者：孙婕 刘亦菲 尹国友 Sun Jie;Liu Yifei;Yin Guoyou(College of Life Science and Engineering,Henan University of Urban Construction,Pingdingshan 467036)

机构地区：[1]河南城建学院生命科学与工程学院,平顶山467036

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2022年第10期146-154,共9页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：平顶山市科技创新杰出人才计划(2017010)。

摘　　要：以大豆或豆浆为原材料,采用不同灭酶热处理方法考察大豆油体提取率、大豆油体基本成分、大豆油体稳定性和流变性的变化,确定品质较好大豆油体最佳提取工艺为豆浆75℃,30 min热处理。采用SDS-PAGE分析发现,经过灭酶处理后得到的大豆油体的稳定性得到提高,这组品质较好的大豆油体含有oleosin蛋白,sterolesinA和sterolsinB等几种内源蛋白和少量外源蛋白。采用不同条件(pH、氯化钠浓度、温度和加水量)处理大豆油体制成乳液后的应用分析发现,大豆油体的等电点在4~5之间;随着NaCl浓度的增大,钠离子的加入中和了油体表面蛋白的负电荷,使得大豆油体表面带电量减小,电位下降,大豆油体之间静电斥力减小,大豆油体易于聚集,大豆油体粒径变大,乳化系数增高;温度对乳液稳定性影响不大,大豆油体可用于酸、碱、低盐性的产品中。乳液应用的流变性结果显示,大豆油体表现为非牛顿流体中的假塑性流体。The extraction process of soybean oil and the stability and rheology of soybean oil under different conditions were discussed in this paper.Soybean or soybean milk was used as the raw material,the changes of oil body extraction rate,basic components of oil body,oil body stability and rheology were investigated by different enzymatic heat treatment methods.The optimum extraction process of soybean oil body with better quality was determined as soybean milk of 75℃and heat treatment of 30 min.SDS-PAGE analysis for this group of better-quality soybean oil found that,oleosin protein remaining,sterolesinA and sterolsinB endogenous protein and a few exogenous proteins,indicating that the improved stability of the soybean oil obtained after enzyme inactivation treatment.Analysis to the application where the soybean soil was made into emulsion under different conditions(pH,sodium chloride concentration,temperature and water increase)revealed that,the isoelectric point of the soybean oil body was between 4~5;with the increase of NaCl concentration,the addition of sodium ions neutralized the negative charge of the oil surface protein,making the soybean oil surface charged amount decreased,the potential decreased,the electrostatic repulsion between the soybean oil body decreased,the soybean oil body was easy to gather,the soybean oil particle size become larger,and the emulsification coefficient increased;temperature and water had little impact on the stability of the emulsion;the soybean oil could be used in acid,alkali and low salt products.The rheological results of the emulsion application revealed that the soybean oil appears as a pseudoplastic fluid in a non-Newtonian fluid.

关 键 词：大豆油体 不同灭酶条件 稳定性 流变性 

分 类 号：TS224[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]