添加剂对生活垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程及产物影响的研究  

Study on Effects of Additives on the Process and Products of Plasma Vitrification of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash

作　　者：胡明 徐鹏程 王云刚 虎训 郭斌 肖诚斌 赵彬 陈勇[2] 袁浩然[2] 吴玉峰 温宗国[4] HU Ming;XU Pengcheng;WANG Yungang;HU Xun;GUO Bin;XIAO Chengbin;ZHAO Bin;CHEN Yong;YUAN Haoran;WU Yufeng;WEN Zongguo(Everbright Environmental Research Institute(Shenzhen)Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China;Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou 510640,China;China Institute of Recycling Economy,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;School of Enviroiunent,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]光大环保技术研究院(深圳)有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州510640 [3]北京工业大学循环经济研究院,北京100124 [4]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《工业加热》2022年第10期9-13,共5页Industrial Heating

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1903003)。

摘　　要：在飞灰的无害化处理技术中,熔融技术因其减容率高、熔渣性质稳定等优点,受到广泛关注。为了更好地指导研制和设计大型飞灰等离子熔融系统,获得具有工程应用价值的数据,通过50 kW生活垃圾焚烧飞灰等离子熔融中试装置,研究垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程熔融温度高、氯元素及重金属迁移等问题,开展垃圾焚烧飞灰等离子熔融关键技术研究。研究结果表明:飞灰中添加剂的种类和比例尤为重要,石英砂可以显著降低飞灰的熔融温度,但熔融产物中氯元素和重金属含量并不能得到保证。而通过在添加剂中混入一定的比例的碳酸钠,可以最大程度地降低熔融产物中的氯含量和氯转化为HCl(g)的比例。在添加剂中加入ZrO_(2),可以有效降低熔融产物玻璃体的重金属浸出浓度,其重金属浸出浓度远低于国家标准限值2~3个数量级,可进行资源化利用。Among the harmless treatment technologies of fly ash,melting technology has attracted extensive attention because of its high volume reduction rate and stable slag properties.In order to better guide the development and design of large-scale fly ash plasma melting system and obtain data with engineering application value,the problems of high melting temperature,chlorine and heavy metal migration in the melting process of waste incineration fly ash are studied through a 50 kW pilot plant for plasma vitrification of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash,and carries out the research on the key technologies of plasma vitrification of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash.The results show that the type and proportion of additives in fly ash are particularly important.Quartz sand can significantly reduce the melting temperature of fly ash,but the content of chlorine and heavy metals in the melting product can not be guaranteed.By mixing a certain proportion of sodium carbonate into the additive,the chlorine content in the molten product and the ratio of chlorine to HCl(g)can be reduced to the greatest extent.Adding ZrO_(2) into the additive can effectively reduce the heavy metal leaching concentration of the molten product glass.The heavy metal leaching concentration is far lower than the national standard limit by 2~3 orders of magnitude,which can be used as a resource.

关 键 词：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰 等离子体熔融 添加剂 氯元素 重金属 

分 类 号：X075[环境科学与工程]