首发精神障碍青少年患者父母心理社会轨迹探究  

Psychosocial trajectory in parents of adolescents with first-episode mental disorders

作　　者：胡海霞 钟清玲[2] 梁孟姣 吴刚 董春霞 黄燕萍 王晓 Hu Haixia;Zhong Qingling;Liang Mengjiao;Wu Gang;Dong Chunxia;Huang Yanping;Wang Xiao(Department of Psychology,Jiujiang Fifth People′s Hospital,Jiujiang 332000,China)

机构地区：[1]九江市第五人民医院心理科,江西九江332000 [2]南昌大学护理学院 [3]九江学院教育学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2022年第19期71-74,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：九江市科技计划项目(S2021ZDYFN117)。

摘　　要：目的探索首发精神障碍青少年患者父母心理社会轨迹,为针对性干预提供参考。方法对42例首发精神障碍青少年患者的43名父母,采用一般资料调查表、应付方式问卷、SCL-90问卷于确诊2周内进行调查,于6个月、12个月再用SCL-90问卷调查;于上述3个时间段对患者父母进行半结构化访谈,归纳分析其心理社会轨迹。结果父母3个时间段SCL-90得分呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);依据应付方式得分分为退避自责组(22人)与非退避自责组(21人),两组SCL-90得分比较,第6个月及时间效应有统计学意义(均P<0.05);访谈资料呈现心理弹性、心理恢复、心理痛苦3种心理社会轨迹。结论首发精神障碍青少年患者父母早期心理社会轨迹呈3种不同形式,大部分父母心理健康水平随患者病情好转而逐渐恢复,少部分父母心理痛苦持续存在。医护人员应同步对患者父母实施针对性干预,以提高其心理健康水平。Objective To explore the psychosocial trajectory in parents of adolescents with first-episode mental disorders,and to provide references for targeted intervention.Methods Forty-three parents of 42 adolescents with first-episode mental disorders were investigated by utilizing a general data questionnaire,the Coping Styles Questionnaire,and the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)within 2 weeks of their child′s diagnosis.At 6 and 12 months postdiagnosis,they were assessed with the SCL-90 again.Semi-structured interviews were also conducted at the above mentioned three timepoints,and their psychosocial trajectories were summarized.Results The total SCL-90 score showed a decline over time,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Based on the coping score,parents were divided into an avoidance and self-blame group(n=22)and a non-avoidance and non-self-blame group(n=21).The total SCL-90 score at 6 months postdiagnosis had significant difference and a distinct time effect was also observed between the two groups(both P<0.05).Three psychosocial trajectories were identified through the interview data:resilience,recovery,and distress.Conclusion Three psychosocial trajectories are observed in parents of adolescents with first-episode mental disorders.Mental health recovery can be found in most parents when their child′s illness is getting better,but a minority of parents still suffer from psychological distress.Medical staff should implement targeted interventions for parents to improve their mental health.

关 键 词：青少年 首发精神障碍 父母 心理社会轨迹 心理健康 应付方式 问卷调查 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学] R359.4[医药卫生—临床医学]