岩溶高原山区表层岩溶泉绿能与高效开发利用模式  

Green energy and its high-efficiency utilization model of surface karst springs in karst plateau mountainous area

作　　者：周翠琼 张贵 张文鋆 高瑜 何绕生 王波 张华 彭淑惠 ZHOU Cuiqiong;ZHANG Gui;ZHANG Wenjun;GAO Yu;HE Raosheng;WANG Bo;ZHANG Hua;PENG Shuhui(Yunnan Institute of Geological Environmental Monitoring,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Geohazards Monitoring&Warning and Ecological Conservation&Restoration,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地质环境监测院,云南昆明650216 [2]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2022年第4期553-561,共9页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFC0502502)。

摘　　要：为解决岩溶高原山区缺水的问题,合理开发利用表层岩溶水,开展了水文地质详细调查。查明区内表层岩溶泉出露13个,流量0~67.53 L·s^(−1),动态变化与降水关系密切。文章总结了表层岩溶水“泉-池(窖)-库”优化调控、绿能高效开发利用模式:①在有砂泥岩夹层分布的凹部山岩溶洼地,采用防渗帷幕灌浆,建设悬挂式凹部山水库,积蓄地表水、表层岩溶水形成自流供水;②在湾半孔表层泉处建设蓄水池直接引流利用;③在湾半孔表层泉附近建设水泵站、光伏电站,平水期时通过光伏电站发电,由泵站自动控制抽取表层岩溶水补给凹部山水库,形成地表、地下水优化调控,联合调度调蓄利用25.3万m^(3)·a^(−1),解决了区内13000余人的生活生产用水困难问题。To solve the problem of water shortage in karst plateau mountainous area,this study on the model of development and utilization of surface karst water is conducted.The karst mountainous area in east border of Luxi basin isa typical cluster-peak depression region with an average altitude from 2,100-2,300 m.Depressions and sinkholes are developed there.Outcrops in this area are mailnly composed of limestone and dolomite in sections a,c,d and e of Gejiu formation(T_(2)g),and partially composed of T_(2)g b mudstone,calcareous mudstone,stacked siltstone with marlstone and limestone.The area is generally a monoclinal structure.Detailed hydrogeology research shows that there are 13 exposed epikarst springs with the flow of 0-67.53 L·s^(−1) due to precipitation.The water leakage in this area is fast,and drought and water shortage are very severe.Thus,surface karst water becomes a very valuable natural resource.This article summarizes a green,high-efficient method of development and utilization of surface karst water as"spring-pool(cellar)-reservoir"optimal management model.In karst concave depression area with siltstone,the grouting with anti-seepage curtain was conducted at the grouting depth of 1.9-16.3 m.An earth dam was built at an anti-seepage foundation and a reservoir with a total storage of 140,000 m^(3) was constructed to reserve surface water and surface karst water to supply the downstream villages.Below the nozzles of epikarst springs with large flows in Wanbankong depression area,two 1,500-square-meter storage ponds were built to connect the current water supply network for downstream villages.This model of development and utilization of surface karst water is called"spring-pond-cellar"linkage model with an exploitation quantity of around 73,000 m^(3)·a^(−1).The distance between Aobushan Reservoir and Wanbankong epikarst spring is around 4 km and the reservoir is around 100 m higher than the Wanbankong spring.The flow of the Wanbankong epikarst spring is quite big but very unstable and cannot be reserv

关 键 词：断陷盆地 岩溶区 表层岩溶水 开发利用模式 岩溶泉 云南泸西 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]