青贮芦苇益生菌添加剂配方的筛选  

Screening of reed silage probiotic additive formulations

作　　者：熊志达 周鑫鑫 杨书敏 王金硕 肖运才[1] 石德时[1] XIONG Zhida;ZHOU Xinxin;YANG Shumin;WANG Jinshuo;XIAO Yuncai;SHI Deshi(Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第21期66-71,共6页China Feed

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发课题“优质肉牛标准化高效育肥关键技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0501802);校企合作项目研发“反刍动物微生态制剂研发”——由华大瑞尔科技有限公司资助。

摘　　要：为研究益生菌复合制剂对芦苇青贮品质的影响,试验以芦苇青贮添加剂为主要研究对象,将处于生长期的芦苇收割后进行青贮,分为4个益生菌添加剂处理组:XS55(将象草发酵剂与副地衣芽孢杆菌SN-6按照5:5的比例混合并添加入饲料)、XS64(象草发酵剂:SN-6=6:4)、XSD(象草发酵剂:SN-6:短小芽孢杆菌D1=5:5:10)、BZSD(布氏乳杆菌:植物乳杆菌:SN-6:D1=1:4:5:10)和1个空白对照组(Ctrl),每组3个重复,青贮周期为20 d。结果表明:(1)通过青贮,各组均有效地保存了芦苇的粗蛋白质含量,达到12.35%以上。(2)与Ctrl组相比,益生菌添加剂各组均显著降低了芦苇的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量(P <0.05)。(3)与Ctrl组相比,益生菌添加剂各组总酸含量均显著提高(P <0.05)。(4)益生菌添加剂各组中氨态氮/总氮与丁酸/总酸这两种青贮腐败指标的含量均极显著低于Ctrl组(P <0.001)。综上,XS64组青贮效果最好,按照《青贮感官评定标准》,该组芦苇青贮感官评价为“优”;其营养物质保存良好,粗蛋白质可达到12.06%;pH降至3.93;总酸含量达到5.84%;按照弗里葛评价标准,该青贮组得分为86,在所有组中评分最高;此外,XS64可显著地降低芦苇NDF含量,与未加益生菌青贮组相比,NDF含量降低了约4.75%(P <0.05),与青贮前芦苇相比,NDF含量降低了6.79%(P <0.05)。The purpose of this research was to study the effect of probiotic compound preparation on the quality of reed silage. Taking reed silage additive as the main research object,the reed in growth stage was silaged after harvesting. They were divided into 4 probiotic additive treatment groups : XS55(mix elephant grass starter with Bacillus paralicheniformis SN-6 in the ratio of 5:5 and add feed),XS64(elephant grass starter : SN-6=6:4),XSD(elephant grass starter : SN-6 : Bacillus pumilus D1=5:5:10),BZSD(Lactobacillus brucelli : Lactobacillus plantarum : SN-6 : D1=1:4:5:10) and blank control group(Ctrl),with 3 repetitions in each group and a silage cycle of 20 days. The results showed that:(1)Through silage,the crude protein content of reed was effectively preserved in each group,reaching more than 12.35%.(2)Compared with Ctrl group,the neutral detergent fiber(NDF) of reed was significantly reduced in each probiotic additive group(P< 0.05).(3)Compared with Ctrl group,the total acid content of each probiotic additive group was significantly increased(P < 0.05).(4) The contents of ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen and butyric acid/total acid in each probiotic additive group were significantly lower than those in Ctrl group(P < 0.001). In conclusion that XS64 had the best silage effect according to the silage sensory evaluation standard,the sensory evaluation of reed silage was "excellent";Its nutrients were well preserved,and its crude protein could reach 12.06%;The pH drops to 3.93;The total acid content reached 5.84%;According to the frege evaluation standard,the score of the silage group was 86,which was the highest among all groups. In addition,XS64 could significantly reduce the NDF content of reed,which was about 4.75%(P < 0.05) lower than that of direct silage and 6.79%(P < 0.05) lower than that before silage.

关 键 词：青贮饲料 益生菌 纤维素降解 芦苇 添加剂 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]