无鱼粉饲料中补充限制性氨基酸对鲤生长、消化及蛋白质代谢相关理化指标的影响  

Effects of fishmeal-free feed supplementation with restrictive amino acids on growth,digestion and physicochemical parameters related to protein metabolism in common carp(Cyprinus carpio)

作　　者：彭祖想 严林 卫力博 王悦晗 高欣 王伟[1,2,3] 任同军 韩雨哲[1,2,3] PENG Zuxiang;YAN Lin;WEI Libo;WANG Yuehan;GAO Xin;WANG Wei;REN Tongjun;HAN Yuzhe(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning Province 116023,China;Dalian Ocean University,Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed,Dalian,Liaoning Province 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Fish Applied Biology and Aquaculture in North China,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian,Liaoning Province 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学,水产动物营养与饲料实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学,辽宁省北方鱼类应用生物学与增养殖重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第21期92-101,共10页China Feed

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅青年科技人才“育苗”项目(QL202004);大连海洋大学“蔚蓝英才”人才计划项目。

摘　　要：本研究以鲤(Cyprinus carpio)为试验对象,探究在不添加鱼粉的条件下,以鸡肠粉作为饲料中的动物蛋白源并补充赖氨酸和蛋氨酸,不同添加水平的限制性氨基酸对鲤生长性能、消化酶活性、肠道组织形态、肝脏蛋白质代谢酶活性和血清生化指标的影响。配制了5组等氮等脂的饲料,限制性氨基酸(Met:Lys=0.318)添加水平分别为0%(G1组)、0.5%(G2组)、1.0%(G3组)、1.5%(G4组)、2.0%(G5组)。选取初始体重为(55.54±0.09)g的鲤150尾随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾,进行为期8周的养殖试验。结果表明:随着限制性氨基酸添加水平的增加,鲤终末体重、增重率和特定生长率呈上升趋势,G3、G4和G5组终末体重、增重率和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。G3、G4和G5组鲤的增重率较对照组分别上升17.56%、24.18%和24.94%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,G4组饲料系数下降8.23%(P<0.05)。G3、G4、G5组胃蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。G3、G4、G5组肌层厚度、绒毛高度、绒毛宽度均显著高与对照组(P<0.05)。G3、G4、G5组谷草转氨酶活性较对照组分别上升4.28%、5.34%和6.99%(P<0.05);G3、G4、G5组谷丙转氨酶活性较对照组分别上升6.88%、9.12%和11.21%(P<0.05)。G3、G4、G5组总蛋白水平较对照组分别上升0.21%、0.85%和0.95%(P<0.05)。在本试验条件下,无鱼粉饲料中添加1.0%、1.5%和2.0%的限制性氨基酸均能够显著提高鲤的生长性能和消化酶活性,改善鲤肠道发育情况和肝脏蛋白质代谢状态,并对鲤血清生化指标无有害影响,且以2.0%的添加量效果最好。This study aimed to investigated the effects of different levels of restricted amino acids on growth performance,digestive enzyme activity,intestinal tissue morphology,liver protein metabolizing enzyme activity and serum biochemical parameters of common carp(Cyprinus carpio) fed with chicken intestinal meal as animal protein source and supplemented with lysine and methionine without fish meal.Five groups of isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared with restrictive amino acid(Met:Lys =0.318)supplementation levels of 0%(G1 group),0.5%(G2 group),1.0%(G3 group),1.5%(G4 group) and 2.0%(G5 group) respectively.A total of 150 common carp with an initial weight of(55.54 ± 0.09)g were randomly divided into five groups of three replicates each,with 10 fish in each replicate,for an 8-week culture trial.The results showed that the final body weight,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the carp increased with increasing levels of restrictive amino acids,with the final body weight,weight gain ratio and specific growth ratio of the G3,G4 and G5 groups being significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05).The rate of weight gain of carp in the G3,G4 and G5 groups increased by 17.56%,24.18% and 24.94%respectively compared with the control group(P < 0.05). The feed conversion of the G3,G4 and G5 groups decreased by 5.06%,8.23% and 4.43% respectively compared with the control group(P < 0.05).Pepsin,amylase and lipase activities were significantly higher in the G3,G4 and G5 groups than in the control group(P < 0.05).Muscle thickness,villus height and villus width were significantly higher in the G3,G4 and G5groups than in the control group(P < 0.05).Aspartate aminotransferase activity in the G3,G4 and G5 groups increased by 4.28%,5.34% and 6.99% respectively compared with the control group(P < 0.05);Alanine aminotransferase activity in the G3,G4 and G5 groups increased by 6.88%,9.12% and 11.21% respectively compared with the control group(P < 0.05).Total serum protein levels in the G3,G4 and G5 groups

关 键 词：无鱼粉 限制性氨基酸 鲤 生长性能 消化能力 蛋白质代谢酶 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]