空调压缩机曲轴的可靠性设计分析  

Reliability Design and Analysis of Crankshaft of Air Condition Compressor

作　　者：朱红伟 迟莹 李红旗[3] 雷一鸣 刘旺旺 Zhu Hongwei;Chi Ying;Li Hongqi;Lei Yiming;Liu Wangwang(Gree Electric Appliances,Inc.of Zhuhai,Zhuhai,519070;China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd,Beijing,100840;Beijing University of Technology,Department of Environment and Life Science,Beijing,100124)

机构地区：[1]珠海格力电器股份有限公司,珠海519070 [2]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840 [3]北京工业大学环境与生命学部,北京100124

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2022年第5期739-745,共7页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：压缩机传统曲轴设计往往采用安全系数法以保证可靠度达到要求。但这种做法没有考虑到材料性能的离散性、载荷应力的随机性以及零件应力、强度等参数的变化,且安全系数选取往往有较大的主观随意性,导致过度设计。基于可靠性建模及分配,以压缩机典型结构曲轴为例,采用可靠性概率设计法进行结构设计,编写计算机辅助设计软件并分析不同因素对曲轴设计结构、曲轴可靠度的影响。研究结果表明可靠性设计是一种更为合理、科学的压缩机设计方法,疲劳强度、扭转力矩标准差和剪切应力变异系数对可靠性设计具有更大的影响。长期以来对压缩机可靠性设计的研究较少、基础比较薄弱,本研究可为压缩机设计由经验设计转向更为合理科学的可靠性设计提供参考,在当前空调压缩机巨大制造规模的情况下,具有积极的现实意义。The traditional crankshaft design of compressor usually adopts the safety factor method to ensure the reliability to meet the requirements.However,this approach ignores the discreteness of material properties,the randomness of load stress and the changes of part stress,strength and other parameters.The selection of safety factor is highly subjective and arbitrary,and will lead to over-design.In this paper,based on reliability modeling and distribution,taking typical compressor structure crankshaft as an example,the reliability probability design method was adopted to carry out structural design,the computer aided design software was written and the influence of different factors on the crankshaft design structure and crankshaft reliability was analyzed.The research results shows that reliability probability design is a more reasonable and scientific approach in compressor design,fatigue strength,standard deviation of roll torque and variation coefficient of shearing stress play more important roles in the reliability probability design of a compressor.In consideration of the weak research foundation in the reliability design of compressors in the past and the huge production capacity,the research in this paper will be helpful and useful for the compressor design transferring from empirical design to reliability design.

关 键 词：压缩机 曲轴 可靠性 概率设计 

分 类 号：TB652[一般工业技术—制冷工程]