脱胶对蚕丝纤维及再生蚕丝蛋白材料性能的影响  

Effects of degumming on properties of silk fibers and regenerated silk protein materials

作　　者：夏震然 李万鑫 卢神州[2] 瞿静 XIA Zhenran;LI Wanxin;LU Shenzhou;QU Jing(School of Textile Garment and Design,Changshu Institute of Technology,Suzhou 215500,China;College of Textile andClothing Engineering,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;Jiangsu Huajia Silk Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215000,China)

机构地区：[1]常熟理工学院纺织服装与设计学院,江苏苏州215500 [2]苏州大学纺织与服装工程学院,江苏苏州215123 [3]江苏华佳丝绸有限公司,江苏苏州215000

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第11期47-53,共7页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51903019)。

摘　　要：脱胶对蚕丝蛋白结构和性能的影响直接关系到再生蚕丝蛋白材料的细胞相容性。本文分别采用碳酸钠、苹果酸及木瓜蛋白酶对家蚕生丝脱胶,分析脱胶程度及脱胶工艺对蚕丝蛋白结构和性能的影响规律,探索不同脱胶工艺获得的再生丝素膜的细胞相容性。结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶对生丝的脱胶率明显高于碳酸钠和苹果酸,脱胶后的蚕丝蛋白结构更加规整,结晶度和热稳定性提高;并且,经木瓜蛋白酶脱胶后制备的再生丝素膜能支持L929细胞的黏附和增殖,细胞存活率显著高于经碳酸钠和苹果酸脱胶后的再生丝素膜,细胞相容性更好。Silk is a kind of natural high-end textile material with excellent moisture absorption.Silk fabrics have soft feel,gorgeous appearance and bright luster,so silk is known as the"fiber queen".Raw silk produced by the Bombyx mori consists of two parallel fibroin fibers conglutinated by a layer of sericin on their surfaces.Fibroin is a hydrophobic fibrous protein with a semicrystalline structure,which provides stiffness and strength;sericin is an amorphous protein,which acts as an adhesive binder to maintain the structural integrity of the fiber and the cocoon.The silk fibroin could be prepared into various forms of materials,including electro-spun fibers,membranes,porous materials,gels,microspheres,etc.,which have been widely used in biomedicine,photochemistry and other fields.Sericin and impurities contained in silk not only weaken the dyeing effect of silk fabrics,but also adversely affect the feel and luster of silk fabrics.In addition,they also hinder the further processing and utilization of silk fibroin.Therefore,sericin has to be removed by a degumming process to obtain the required luster and touch in silk textiles or purify silk fibroin for biomedical applications.The degree of degumming directly affects the structure and properties of silk fibroin.In order to study the effects of degumming methods on the properties of silk fibers and regenerated silk fibroin materials,sodium carbonate,malic acid and papain were used to degum raw silk.The residue of sericin in the degummed silk fibers and the surface morphology of the silk fibers were observed by scanning electron microscopy.The effect of degumming on the chemical structure of silk protein was determined by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry.The thermal properties of the degummed silk were determined by thermal analyzer.It was found that the degumming efficiency of raw silk by papain was significantly higher than that of sodium carbonate and malic acid,and there was no obvious sericin residue between the silk fibers,the surface of degummed silk

关 键 词：蚕丝 脱胶 结晶度 热稳定性 再生蚕丝蛋白材料 细胞相容性 

分 类 号：TS143.32[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]