三维可视化激光扫描技术在深井软岩巷道中的应用  

Application of 3D Visual Laser Scanning Technology in Deep Softrock Roadway

作　　者：余国锋 郑群 陈昊喆 YU Guofeng;ZHENG Qun;CHEN Haozhe

机构地区：[1]平安煤炭开采工程技术研究院有限责任公司,安徽淮南232001 [2]成都天佑智隧科技有限公司,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国矿山工程》2022年第5期37-43,共7页China Mine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大资助项目(71942006)。

摘　　要：三维可视化激光扫描技术在深井软岩巷道应用主要为了明晰巷道在回采过程中围岩变形和破坏情况,并解决传统监控监控量测数据量少、可视化程度低、数据利用率低等问题。本文采用三维点云处理软件Tunnelkey 3D Point Clouds Processing&Analyzing System(简称:TK-PCAS)处理实际巷道断面点云轮廓与巷道设计轮廓数据并分析其净空超侵限情况。为了充分掌握变形段支护钢架的变形情况,建立巷道三维模型云图,直接提取钢架断面点云数据,通过与初测钢架断面分析对比得到钢架沉降以及两帮变形的量值,并对全站仪监测的数据与扫描仪监测的数据在量值与发展趋势状态上进行对比论证。结果表明:三维激光扫描技术可以对巷道初期支护结构超侵限情况进行准确科学的评估,并对侵限欠挖部位的初支结构进行指导整改施工;在变形监测方面,与传统监测方式下的数据在量值与发展趋势状态上基本一致,且三维激光扫描技术突破了传统单点式监测的局限性,使得巷道在纵向与环向方向上的监测信息更全面,可视化程度更高。为后期确定巷道围岩变形量级,改进优化巷道支护体系提供了数据支持。The application of 3D visual laser scanning technology in deep softrock roadway is mainly to identify the deformation and failure of wallrock during stoping and eliminate defects of conventional monitoring, including limited amount of measured data, low level of visualization and low utilization rate of data. 3D laser scanning technology was applied to obtain 3D point cloud data of the roadway surface in order to build a 3D visual model of roadway with high precision and high-resolution. Tunnelkey 3D Point Clouds Processing & Analyzing System(TK-PCAS), a 3D point cloud processing software, was adopted to process the point cloud profile data of actual roadway section and roadway design profile data and analyze intrusion beyond clearance limit of roadway;In order to fully master the deformation of steel support in the deformed section, a 3D cloud model of roadway was constructed. Point cloud data of the steel support section were extracted directly for comparison with the steel support section analysis in preliminary survey, so as to quantify the subsidence of steel support and deformation of sidewalls. In order to prove the accuracy of monitoring data, comparative demonstration was made in terms of value and development trend between the monitoring data collected by total station and that by the scanner. The results show that 3D laser scanning technology can accurately and scientifically evaluate the over intrusion of the initial support structure to roadway clearance limit, which offers guidance to the rectification of under-excavated therein;Regarding deformation monitoring, data obtained by 3D scanning technology were generally consistent with conventional monitoring in terms of value and development trend. What’s more, 3D laser scanning technology broke through limitations of conventional single-point monitoring, which made the monitoring information of the roadway more complete in both longitudinal and annular directions with higher visualization. It provides data support for determining the deformation mag

关 键 词：深井软岩巷道 三维可视化激光扫描技术 TK-PCAS 变形监测 三维模型云图 

分 类 号：TD175[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]