1945-1954年美国对巴西的外交政策探析  

A Probe into U.S. Foreign Policy towards Brazil from 1945 to 1954

作　　者：陈少晶 CHEN Shao-jing(Department of History,Xinzhou Teachers University,Xinzhou Shanxi,034000;School of History and Culture,Shandong Normal University,Jinan Shandong,250000)

机构地区：[1]忻州师范学院历史系,山西忻州034000 [2]山东师范大学历史文化学院,山东济南250000

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期33-37,共5页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：忻州师范学院教学改革创新研究项目“基于‘SPOC+翻转课堂’的《西方史学史》混合式教学模式的设计与实践”(项目编号:JGYB202025)。

摘　　要：二战后形成美苏争霸的世界格局,美苏在世界范围内展开全方位的争夺。美国除了重视欧亚外,也没有放弃对拉美的影响力,巴西是战后拉美实力最强的国家,赢得巴西对美国政策的支持,是美国拉美政策成功的重要基石。20世纪40年代末和50年代初美国为了继续维持对巴西的巨大影响力,美国在政治上力促巴西民主化,军事上帮助巴西建立军事学院,支援巴西军备发展,文化上加强对巴西渗透,尽管巴西和美国的外交目的不同,但巴西领导人普遍接受了美国有关反共产主义、在国际上支持美国政策及加强对美国认同,最终使得巴西进入以美国主导的世界资本主义体系,为美国在冷战中最后战胜苏联奠定重要基础。After World War II, a world pattern of U. S. —Soviet hegemony was formed, and the U. S. and the Soviet Union launched an all-round struggle in the world. The U.S. did not give up its influence on Latin America in addition to Eurasia. Brazil was the strongest country in Latin America after the war, and winning Brazil’s support for U.S. policy was an important cornerstone for the success of its Latin American policy. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, in order to continue to maintain its great influence on Brazil, the U.S. pushed for Brazil’s democratization politically, helped Brazil establish a military academy, supported Brazil’s armament development, and strengthened its infiltration into Brazil. Despite the different diplomatic aims of Brazil and the U.S., Brazilian leaders generally accepted the U.S. policy regarding anti-communism, supporting the U.S. internationally and this eventually led to Brazil’s entry into world capitalist system dominated by the U.S. and laid an important foundation for the United States’ final victory over the Soviet Union in the Cold War.

关 键 词：美国 巴西 外交政策 政治干预 文化渗透 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]