沉积盆地类型及其成因和称谓研究回顾与进展  

Retrospective and progress on types,genesis andnomenclatures of sedimentary basins

作　　者：刘池洋[1] 王建强[1] 黄雷[1] 赵红格[1] 张东东[1] 赵俊峰[1] 赵晓辰 赵重远[1] LIU Chiyang;WANG Jianqiang;HUANG Lei;ZHAO Hongge;ZHANG Dongdong;ZHAO Junfeng;ZHAO Xiaochen;ZHAO Zhongyuan(State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Institute of Oil and Gas Basin,Northwest University,Xi′an 710069,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi′an University of Science and Technology,Xi′an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室,含油气盆地研究所,陕西西安710069 [2]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期891-909,共19页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42230815,41972153,41330315,42272148,42172123,42072170);西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室科技部专项(201210142)。

摘　　要：不同类型盆地所蕴藏的矿产资源和地学信息在内容及丰度方面差别较大,剖析沉积盆地的个性特征和厘定盆地类型,是沉积盆地相关研究深化和沉积矿产勘探提效的重要基础工作之一。该文主要回顾了作者团队多年来在盆地类型方面的研究进展,总结了判识和确定的沉积盆地新类型,如改造型盆地及其八种类型,后陆盆地、转换-补偿盆地、地貌成因盆地;结合残延克拉通内盆地、近陆缘盆地等案例剖析,提出了凝练盆地个性特征和细化盆地类型的应用研究方法,将叠合盆地分解为4种类型、小型含油气盆地划分为改造残留型、热力成因型和走滑转换型三类;讨论了以往关注不够然较为重要、值得重视的盆地类型,如热力成因盆地、天体撞击盆地和中间地块盆地;梳理和分析了莫衷一是、或词不达意的盆地类型称谓,提出了建议采用的术语,如陆内前陆盆地、拉裂盆地和弧背盆地。该文所及内容探索性强,认识难尽统一,抛出供同行研讨或批判。The mineral resources and geological information contained in different types of basins differ greatly in content and abundance.Analyzing the particular characteristics of sedimentary basins and determining their types is one of the significant basic works to deepen the basin research and improve the efficiency of sedimentary mineral exploration.This article mainly reviewed the progress of our team in basin analysis over the years.We summarized and identified newly-added types of basins,reformed basin and its eight types,backland basin,transform-compensation basin,landform genesis basin.Based on the case study of the residual inner craton basin,the near continental margin basin,and the paper puts forward the study methods to condense the individual characteristics and refined the types of basins.We decomposed superimposed basin into four types,and divided small-scale basins into three types:reformed residual basins,thermogenic basins,and strike slip transform basins.Some significant basin types,which have not received enough attention in the past,such as thermogenic basin,celestial bodies impacted basins and median mass basins,were discussed.We also sort out some inconsistent or incoherent basin types and puts forward some proposed terms,i.e.,intracontinental foreland basins,pull-rift basins,and retroarc basins.The content and understanding of this paper are highly exploratory and difficult to unify,so it can be put forward for peer discussion or criticism.

关 键 词：盆地新类型 盆地成因 盆地称谓 盆地个性特征 小型盆地类型 改造型盆地类型 中国特色盆地 

分 类 号：TE121.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]