眼动仪在分光计调节实验教学中的应用研究  

Application Research of Eye Tracker in Spectrometer Experiment Teaching

作　　者：杨振清[1] 吕钰卓 林春丹[1] 周广刚[1] 邵长金[1] YANG Zhenqing;L Yuzhuo;LIN Chundan;ZHOU Guanggang;SHAO Changjin(College of Science,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2022年第5期47-53,共7页Physical Experiment of College

摘　　要：分光计是基础物理实验很重要的精密光学测量仪器,被广泛应用于单色光波长测量,固体折射率测定及超声光栅测声速等综合性实验中。分光计的熟练调节是这些综合性实验的前提。分光计的调节很能反映学生的基本实验操作技能。实际操作中,由于分光计结构较为复杂,特别是针对大学低年级的本科生而言,学生在调节过程中往往会遇到诸多困难,多数同学不能在30 min内顺利完成调节。为实现分光计调节实验的精准教学,利用最先进的眼动仪开展实验研究,具体而言主要将分光计的调节分为目镜调节、望远镜光轴方向调节和平行光管调节三个阶段,利用眼动仪得到的操作者注视热点图、轨迹图和眼动数据,得出三个阶段的难易程度,并分析每个阶段的调节特点。通过对比本科生和研究生在试做实验、正式实验和指导后实验中的注视特征,发现学生在分光计调节中存在的问题,对比了本科生和研究生学习特点,从而为建立合适的实验教学方法提供指导。The spectrometer is a very important precision optical gauge for basic physical experiment,which is widely used in some comprehensive experiments,such as monochromatic wavelength measurement,solid refractive index measurement and ultrasonic grating measurement of sound velocity.The proficiency of regulating spectrometer can reflect students’basic experimental skills.In practice,due to the complex structure of the spectrometer,especially for junior undergraduates,students often encounter many difficulties in the operation process,most students can not successfully complete the adjustment within 30 minutes.In order to achieve accurate teaching of spectrometer adjustment experiments,the most advanced eye-movement apparatus can be used to carry out the experimental research.Specifically,the adjustment of the spectrometer is mainly divided into three stages:the eyepiece adjustment,the telescope optical axis direction adjustment and parallel light tube adjustment.The eye-movement apparatus are used to get the operator to look at a heat map,track diagram and the eye movement data,in order to conclude the difficulties of the three stages and analyze the adjustment characteristics of each stage.By comparing the fixation characteristics of undergraduates and postgraduates in trial experiment,formal experiment and guided experiment,the problems existing in the adjustment of spectrometer are found,and the learning characteristics of undergraduates and postgraduates are compared,thus guidance is provided for the establishment of appropriate experimental teaching methods.

关 键 词：分光计调节 眼动仪 精准教学 注视热点图 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]