稳态法测量导热系数的实验条件对比研究  

Effect of Experimental Conditions on Measuring Thermal Conductivity Coefficient via a Steady-State Method

作　　者：陶鑫 张敬芳 TAO Xin;ZHANG Jingfang(College of Science,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学理学院,天津300300

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2022年第5期58-63,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目中国民航大学专项(3122019155)。

摘　　要：在稳态法测量不良导体的导热系数实验中,研究了提高加热盘温度、降低环境温度和关闭散热风扇对实验关键参数、导热系数测量误差和实验时长等影响。研究表明,实验条件对稳态时散热盘的温度T_(2)和散热盘T_(2)时的冷却速率均有显著影响,对导热系数的影响主要与影响实验的系统误差有关。通过提高加热盘温度或降低环境温度,能够在测量误差影响不大的前提下有效缩短实验时长;通过关闭散热风扇可以降低面积修正引入的系统误差,但是实验时间延长。In the steady-state method for measuring thermal conductivity coefficient of poor conductors,the influence of increasing the temperature of heating plate,decreasing the ambient temperature and closing the cooling fan on key experimental parameters,measurement error and experimental duration were studied.The results show that the experimental conditions had significant influence on the steady-state temperature of the cooling plate(T 2)and the cooling rate of the cooling plate at T 2,and the systematic error of the experiment was also affected.Increasing the temperature of heating plate or decreasing the ambient temperature could effectively shorten the experiment duration with little influence on measurement error.Turning off the cooling fan could reduce the experimental system error introduced by area correction,but the experimental duration was prolonged.

关 键 词：稳态法 导热系数 误差分析 实验条件 

分 类 号：O551.3[理学—热学与物质分子运动论]