不等厚激光拼焊板焊缝不一致问题研究  

Research on the Unequal-Thickness Tailor Welded Blanks Weld Uneven Problem

作　　者：陈东[1] 夏慧超 武广涛 李江 CHEN Dong;XIA Hui-chao;WU Guang-tao;LI Jiang(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Liaoning Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2022年第11期85-88,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目(20170540457);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2015253)。

摘　　要：焊缝不一致问题会导致焊缝强度不均和冲压变形失稳,是激光拼焊板的主要焊缝缺陷之一。基于对焊前对接间隙的实时跟踪测量,提出一种用于解决焊缝不一致问题的动态偏移量补偿方法。对激光拼焊定位工序后形成的对接间隙进行了实验研究,明确了间隙的成因、尺寸范围及沿焊缝长度方向的分布规律。对不同间隙下的不等厚板组进行焊接实验研究,结果表明间隙直接影响熔化金属的体积,从而影响焊缝截面形状,不均匀的间隙会导致焊缝不一致问题。通过分析间隙、偏移量、板厚和熔化宽度等参数之间的关系,建立了动态偏移量补偿方法的数学模型。在全自动激光拼焊设备上进行了焊接实验,结果表明该方法可有效解决焊缝不一致问题。Weld uneven problem is one of the main defects of the tailor welded blanks,which can cause the uneven intensity and stamping deformation instability of weld.Based on the real-time tracking and measuring of gaps before welding,a dynamic offset compensation method was proposed to solve the problem of weld uneven.An experimental study of gaps formed after the tailored laser welding positioning process was performed,and the cause of gaps,the size range,and the distribution rule along the length of the weld were clarified.Welding experiments on unequal-thickness blanks under different gaps show that gaps directly affects the volume of the molten metal,which affects the cross-section shape of the weld.Uneven gaps can lead to weld uneven problem.Based on the analysis of the relationships among parameters such as gaps,offset,blank thickness,and melting width,a mathematical model of dynamic offset compensation method was established.Welding experiments were carried out on an automatic laser tailor welding equipment.The results show that the method can effectively solve the problem of weld uneven.

关 键 词：激光拼焊 焊缝不一致 间隙 偏移量 焊缝形状 补偿方法 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接] TG439.4