2021年春季江西省一次高架雷暴降雹过程分析  

Analysis of a Hail Process of an Elevated Thunderstorm in Jiangxi Province in the Spring of 2021

作　　者：储笑涵 徐洁玲 CHU Xiaohan(Jiujiang Meteorological Station,Jiujiang,Jiangxi 332000)

机构地区：[1]九江市气象台,江西九江332000

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2022年第10期67-69,共3页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

基　　金：九江市气象局重点研发项目“九江地区‘寒露风’灾害发生风险预警技术研究”(JJ202101)。

摘　　要：利用雷达常规气象观测资料和自动站非常规观测资料,对江西省2021年3月30—31日中北部地区的一次高架雷暴降雹过程成因进行分析。结果表明:(1)中高层干冷空气侵入与低层西南暖湿气流交汇导致层结不稳定,暖气团沿“冷垫”爬升与低空850 hPa切变线共同作用,触发了强对流天气,加之适宜的0℃层和-20℃层的高度,有利于冰雹增长;(2)多单体风暴使强对流维持时间延长,强回波质心深厚密实且较高,具有高架雷暴的特征;(3)此次冰雹落区的VIL在50 kg/m^(2)以上,50 dBz以上的强回波顶高和底高相差3 km以上,且出现明显的三体散射、钩状回波等特征,对冰雹预警有较强的作用。Used the conventional meteorological observation data of radar and the unconventional observation data of automatic stations,the cause of an elevated thunderstorm hail process in the middle and north of Jiangxi Province on March 30—31,2021 was analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the intrusion of dry and cold air in the middle and upper levels and the intersection of warm and humid air in the southwest of the lower levels lead to the instability of stratification,and the climbing of warm air masses along the“cold cushion”and the low-level 850 hPa shear line jointly trigger strong convection.In addition,the appropriate height of 0℃layer and-20℃layer was conducive to the growth of ice and hail.(2)Multi cell storms prolong the duration of strong convection,and the strong echo centroid was deep,dense and high,with the characteristics of elevated thunderstorms.(3)The VIL of the hail falling area was above 50 kg/m2.The difference between the top and bottom heights of strong echoes above 50 dBz was more than 3 km,and there were obvious three body scattering,hook echo and other characteristics,which played a strong role in hail warning.

关 键 词：高架雷暴 大冰雹 雷暴大风 干侵入 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]