基于城市生活垃圾焚烧发电厂的变工况特性分析  

Off-design characteristics analysis of municipal solid waste power plant

作　　者：方昊男 庞玥 吕小静[1] 翁一武[1,2] Fang Haonan;Pang Yue;Lv Xiaojing;Weng Yiwu(China-UK Low Carbon College,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学中英低碳国际学院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《可再生能源》2022年第11期1428-1435,共8页Renewable Energy Resources

基　　金：国家自然基金委青年基金项目(51806137)。

摘　　要：文章以上海某垃圾焚烧发电厂为例,针对其在额定工况与变工况下的热力特性及其参数变化规律进行研究。研究结果表明:在额定工况下,该垃圾焚烧发电厂日处理垃圾6 000 t,其额定功率和发电效率分别为50 MW和28.49%;在变工况条件下,垃圾中的C含量是影响垃圾焚烧发电热力参数的主要因素;11月垃圾的C含量(30.23%)最高,相应的系统总输出功高达61.45 MW,热效率为28.93%;8月垃圾的C含量(24.91%)最低,相应的系统总输出功(47.35 MW)也最低,热效率为28.66%;蒸汽流量的增加会提高主蒸汽压力,当主蒸汽压力达到7.9 MPa时,系统总输出功达到最大值54.97 MW,热效率为30.82%,当主蒸汽压力超过7.9 MPa时,系统总输出功与热效率开始下降;垃圾流量减少会导致发电系统的总输出功和热效率降低,当垃圾流量减小至额定工况的60%时,系统总输出功计算值与设计值的相对偏差可达到8.7%。Taking an actual waste-to-energy power plant in Shanghai as an example, the thermal characteristics and operating parameters of the waste-to-energy power plant under design and off-design conditions are studied in this paper. The results shown that the studied waste-to-energy power plant can process 6 000 t of waste per day in design condition, with an output power of 50 MW and a thermal efficiency of 28.49%. In addition, the C content in waste is the main factor affecting the thermal performance of the plant. The highest C content of 30.23% appeared in November, corresponding to the output power and the thermal efficiency of 61.45 MW and 28.93%, respectively. And the lowest C content of 24.91% appeared in August, corresponding to the output power and the thermal efficiency of 47.35 MW and 28.66%, respectively. The results also indicated that the increases in steam flow rate results in the raises in the pressure of the main steam. When the main steam pressure reaches 7.9 MPa,the maximum total output power of the plant of 54.97 MW can be obtained, and the thermal efficiency is 30.82%. Meanwhile, the total output power and the thermal efficiency of the plant begin to decline when the main steam pressure exceeds 7.9 MPa. Moreover, the decreases in waste flow rate causes the decrease in the total output power and the thermal efficiency of the plant. When the waste flow rate is reduced to the 60% of the rated condition, the total output power of the power plant has a relative deviation of 8.7% compared with the design condition.

关 键 词：垃圾转换发电 变工况 输出功率 热效率 

分 类 号：TK1[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]