不同绿肥对复垦地土壤化学性状及酶活性的影响  

Effects of different green manures on chemical properties and enzyme activities of reclaimed soil

作　　者：王晋龙 孙崇凤 程永钢 郑普山 洪坚平[1] WANG Jin-long;SUN Chong-feng;CHENG Yong-gang;ZHENG Pu-shan;HONG Jian-ping(College of Resources and Enviroment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030006)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第9期85-93,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(绿肥,CARS-22);国家自然科学基金重点项目(U1710255)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜改良生地土壤的绿肥品种,选取适应性较强的毛叶苕子、箭筈豌豆、草木樨、荞麦和春油菜5种不同绿肥品种进行试验,研究不同绿肥根际与非根际以及翻压后土壤养分及转化酶活性的变化趋势。结果表明:不同品种的绿肥作物根系活动导致根际与非根际生地土壤化学性状及土壤酶活性产生差异,各品种绿肥对土壤有机质和氮磷钾的富集活化作用有所不同。豆科绿肥箭筈豌豆和毛叶苕子对根际土壤脲酶的活化作用较好,其根际效应分别为3.99和4.41;春油菜、毛叶苕子对根际土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶的活化效果好,根际效应分别为13.17、13.19和2.84、2.87;春油菜、毛叶苕子处理翻压后对土壤4种酶活性的提高效果显著。综合灰色关联法对复垦土壤化学性状及酶活性的变化分析,毛叶苕子和春油菜两种绿肥对生地土壤的改良效果较好。In order to select green manure varieties suitable for improving the soil of the raw land,five different green manure varieties with strong adaptability were selected,such as Vicia villosa Roth,Vicia sativa L.,Melilotus officinalis(L.),Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.and Brassica napus L.The change trend of soil nutrients and invertase activities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils with different green manures and after their pressing was studied.The results showed that the root activity of different varieties of green manure crops led to differences in soil chemical properties and soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,and the various green manures had different effects on the enrichment and activation of soil organic matter and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Leguminous green manure Vicia sativa L.and Vicia villosa Roth had good activation effects on rhizosphere soil urease,and their rhizosphere effects were 3.99 and 4.41,respectively.Brassica napus L.and Vicia villosa Roth had good activation effects on the sucrase and alkaline phosphatase of rhizosphere soil.The rhizosphere effects were 13.17,13.19 and 2.84,2.87,respectively.Brassica napus L.and Vicia villosa Roth had significant effect on improving the activities of four soil enzymes after being pressed.The grey correlation analysis was used to comprehensively analyze the changes of soil nutrients and enzyme activities,and the results showed that the Vicia villosa Roth and Brassica napus L.had a better effect on the soil of the raw land improvement.

关 键 词：生地 绿肥 根际效应 土壤养分 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学] S153[农业科学—农业基础科学]