福建主要耕作土壤有效锌含量分布及影响因素分析  

Distribution and influencing factors of available zinc in main cultivated soils in Fujian province

作　　者：张世昌 ZHANG Shi-chang(Fujian Province General Station of Farming Soil land Fertilizer,Fuzhou Fujian 350003)

机构地区：[1]福建省农田建设与土壤肥料技术总站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第9期148-154,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：化肥减量增效项目(2130199);退化耕地治理(2130199);果菜茶有机肥替代化肥试点项目(2130199)。

摘　　要：针对当前农业生产中忽视微量元素补充、土壤微量元素含量不均等问题。在福建省8个设区市采集耕作土壤样品23477个,统计了耕作土壤有效锌含量及分布,分析了种植类型、土壤类型、地形地貌、母质类型、土壤pH值、有机质含量等因素对土壤有效锌含量的影响。结果表明:福建省耕作土壤有效锌含量平均为2.86 mg/kg,处于高级水平,变异系数为123%,只有21.56%土壤样品低于中级水平,与全国第二次土壤普查相比有所提高;不同种植类型土壤有效锌含量表现为耕地>果园>茶园,土壤类型表现为水稻土>赤红壤>红壤,地形地貌表现为山地>平原>丘陵,母质类型表现为洪积物>冲积物>残坡积物>海积物>风积物。土壤有效锌含量与土壤pH值、土壤有机质呈显著正相关。综上所述,福建省耕作土壤有效锌总体能满足作物生长的需求,但在部分缺锌地区,建议加强锌肥、有机肥的施用,减少土壤缺锌对作物的影响。In response to the current neglect of micronutrient application in agricultural production and the uneven contents of soil micronutrients,23477 cultivated soil samples were collected from 8 cities in Fujian province,the available zinc contents of these soil samples and its distribution were determined.The effects of planting type,soil type,topography,parent material type,soil pH value,organic matter content and other factors on soil available zinc content were analyzed.The results showed that the average available zinc in cultivated soil in Fujian province was 2.86 mg/kg,which is in the high level.The coefficient of variation was 123%.The proportion of samples below the intermediate level was 21.56%,which has been improved compared to the national second soil census.The contents of available zinc in soil of different planting types,soil types,landform,and parent material type showed as cultivated land>orchard>tea garden,paddy soil>red soil>red soil,mountain>plain>hill,diluvial material>alluvium>relict>marine sediment>eolian sediment,respectively.Soil available zinc content was positively correlated with soil pH value and soil organic matter.To sum up,the available zinc in cultivated soil in Fujian province can meet the needs of crop growth,but in some zinc-deficient areas,it is suggested to strengthen the application of zinc fertilizer and organic fertilizer,and reduce the effect of soil zinc deficiency on crops.

关 键 词：土壤有效锌 PH值 有机质 种植类型 土壤类型 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]