接种AMF与根系分隔对玉米马铃薯间作土壤氮素利用的影响  

Effects of AMF inoculation and root separation on soil nitrogen utilization in maize-potato intercropping

作　　者：沈鹏 赵桂茹[1] 杨友琼[1] 周锋[1] 杨良 吕凯 安曈昕[1] SHEN Peng;ZHAO Gui-ru;YANG You-qiong;ZHOU Feng;YANG Liang;LÜ Kai;AN Tong-xin(Faculty of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2022年第9期166-173,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660378);云南省重大科技专项-绿色食品国际合作研究中心项目(2019ZG009);云南省自然科学基金(2014FB144);云南省科技计划重点研发项目(2018BB015);云南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(2021)。

摘　　要：采用不同根系分隔方式(不分隔、尼龙网分隔、塑料膜分隔)和接种丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)来研究玉米(Zea mays L.)间作马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)对土壤氮素吸收利用和作物干物重的影响。结果表明:无论何种分隔方式,接种AMF与施用苯菌灵相比,均能增加玉米根系表面积,其中最高增加29.8%,减少玉米和马铃薯根际土壤总氮、硝态氮、铵态氮含量,增加玉米、马铃薯各器官总氮含量、干物重,其中根际土壤硝态氮含量下降幅度最大,最高分别降低60.3%、42.1%,玉米籽粒和马铃薯块茎总氮含量最高分别增加34.4%和43.0%,玉米果穗和马铃薯块茎干物重最高分别增加27.3%和28.8%;不同分隔方式对玉米根系表面积、根际土壤氮吸收、各器官总氮含量和干物重均有抑制作用,对马铃薯根际土壤氮吸收、各器官总氮含量和干物质积累均有促进作用,其中不分隔处理玉米根系表面积、籽粒总氮含量和穗干重比塑料布分隔处理最高分别增加29.8%、29.3%和12.5%,根际土壤硝态氮含量降低28.2%,塑料布分隔处理马铃薯块茎总氮含量和块茎干重比不分隔处理分别增加13.4%和19.0%,根际土壤硝态氮含量最大降低22.2%。整体上,玉米马铃薯间作不分隔接种AMF处理降低根际土壤氮残留量的效果最好,对各器官总氮含量、干物重的促进作用最大,表明玉米马铃薯间作条件下接种AMF有利于进一步促进间作群体氮素高效利用和增产增收。The effects of intercropping of maize(Zea mays L.)and potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)on soil nitrogen absorption and utilization and crop dry matter weight were studied by different root separation methods(nonseparation,nylon net separation and plastic film separation)and inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF).The results showed,compared with the benomyl application,AMF inoculation increased the root surface area of maize with a maximum increase of 29.8%,reduced the contents of total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in maize and potato rhizosphere soil,and increased the total nitrogen content and dry matter weight of maize and potato organs.Among them,the nitrate nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil decreased the most,with a maximum decrease of 60.3%and 42.1%,the total nitrogen content of maize grain and potato tuber increased by 34.4%and 43.0%,respectively,and the dry matter weight of corn ear and potato tuber increased by 27.3%and 28.8%,respectively.Different separation methods inhibited maize root surface area,rhizosphere soil nitrogen absorption,total nitrogen content and dry matter weight of various organs,and promoted potato rhizosphere soil nitrogen absorption,total nitrogen content of various organs and dry matter accumulation.Among them,the root surface area,grain total nitrogen content and ear dry weight of maize without separation increased by 29.8%,29.3%and 12.5%,respectively,compared with plastic film separation treatment,the nitrate content in rhizosphere soil decreased by 28.2%,the total nitrogen content and dry weight of potato tubers in plastic film separation treatment increased by 13.4%and 19.0%,respectively,compared with non-separation treatment,and the nitrate content in rhizosphere soil decreased by 22.2%.On the whole,maizepotato intercropping without separate inoculation of AMF had the best effect on reducing rhizosphere soil nitrogen,and had the greatest promoting effect on total nitrogen content and dry matter weight of various organs,indicating that inoculation of A

关 键 词：AMF 间作 根系 作物氮含量 土壤氮 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S532