沙漠地区光伏电站风沙活动规律及其影响因素  

Wind-sand Activity Characteristics and its Influence Factors in Photovoltaic Power Station in Sand Area

作　　者：杨帆 牛天祥[1] 张振师[1] 李鹏[4] 曹永翔[1,2] 赵雨 李玉进 YANG Fan;NIU Tianxiang;ZHANG Zhenshi;LI Peng;CAO Yongxiang;ZHAO Yu;LI Yujin(Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Shaanxi Provincial River and Lake Ecological Protection and Restoration Engineering Technology Research Center,Xi'an 710065,China;Postdoctoral Research Station of PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,西安710065 [2]陕西省“四主体一联合”河湖生态系统保护与修复校企联合研究中心,西安710065 [3]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司博士后科研工作站,西安710065 [4]西安理工大学旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业局重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《西北水电》2022年第5期79-84,115,共7页Northwest Hydropower

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2022JQ-095);陕西省博士后科研项目资助(2018BSHGZZHQYXMZZ41);中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院科技项目(XBY-2015-04).

摘　　要：以西北沙区光伏电站为研究区,采用野外观测试验对不同样地及空间区域的风沙活动进行定点定量监测,探索区域近地层风沙活动规律及其影响因素。结果表明,在光伏阵列阻滞和分流作用下,增大了出风口处气流风速,在其背侧形成弱风区;光伏阵列行道间风速随高度的增加而增大呈“J”型变化趋势,其背侧区域风速随高度的增加先减小后增大,对风速减弱系数可达17.14%~32.12%;光伏板输沙率随高度的增加呈递减趋势(P<0.05)且服从对数函数分布,最大值分布在0~2.5 cm高度层;随着气流深入光伏电站腹地能量呈梯级衰减在行道间产生堆积现象;各样地风沙防治效益大小顺序为景天>狼尾草>砾石>草方格>裸沙,通过降低近地层风速和减少地表吹蚀物质能够有效提升区域风沙防治效果。This paper takes the photovoltaic power stations in the northwest sand area as the research subject,and the field observation test is carried out to monitor the wind-sand activity in different plots and space areas,so as to explore the movement law and influencing factors of wind sand.The results indicate that,under the action of photovoltaic array blocking and shunting,the air velocity at the outlet is increased,and a weak wind area is formed at its back;the wind speed among photovoltaic arrays increases with the increase of the height,showing a J-shaped variation trend.The wind speed in the back area first decreases and then increases with the increase of height,and the reduction coefficient is up to 17.14~32.12%.The sand transport rate decreases with the increase of height(P<0.05),and follows the logarithmic function distribution,and the maximum value is distributed in the 0~2.5 cm high altitude.As the airflow goes deep into the photovoltaic power station,the energy decays in steps and accumulates between the photovoltaic panels.The order of wind sand control benefit in different sand area is Sedum>Pennisetum>Gravel>Straw checkerboard>Bare sand.The control effect of regional aeolian sand can be effectively improved by reducing the wind speed near the stratum and the quantity of surface erosion material.

关 键 词：光伏电站 沙区 风沙活动 风蚀规律 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] X169[农业科学—农业基础科学]