微型生物在岩溶碳循环中的作用研究回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of research on the role of micro-organisms in karst carbon cycle

作　　者：康卫华 程从雨 李为 余龙江[1,2] KANG Weihua;CHENG Congyu;LI Wei;YU Longjiang(Institute of Resource Biology and Biotechnology,Department ofBiotechnology,College of Life Science and Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China;Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics(Huazhong University of Science and Technology),Ministry ofEducation,Wuhan^Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院生物技术系资源生物学与生物技术研究所,湖北武汉430074 [2]分子生物物理教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2022年第3期453-464,共12页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金碳中和专项(42141008)子课题;国家自然科学基金面上项目(41977260)。

摘　　要：全球气候变化问题使岩溶系统碳循环的研究倍受关注,有关微型生物及其碳酸酐酶在岩溶系统碳循环中的作用的认识也在不断深入。文章回顾了微型生物及其碳酸酐酶在碳酸盐岩风化以及碳酸盐岩沉积过程中的作用过程及作用机制,指出未来的研究需结合不同岩溶生态环境,量化微型生物及其碳酸酐酶对岩溶生态系统碳增汇的影响,为深入研究微型生物及其碳酸酐酶对岩溶碳汇的贡献、增加岩溶生态系统碳汇的能力、助力实现碳中和提供参考。The issue of global climate change has drawn much attention to the research on the carbon cycle of karst systems.Carbonate rock is the largest known carbon pool on the earth.It is easy to make CO_(2) in the atmosphere sink continuously through karstification,and enter into the pedosphere and hydrosphere in the form of inorganic carbon,and actively participate in the global carbon cycle through a series of dynamic processes such as migration and transformation,resulting in carbon sink effect.On the other hand,under the catalysis and regulation of organisms during the geological history,the deposition of carbonate rocks can also absorb atmospheric CO_(2) and produce a huge sink effect.Therefore,strengthening the study of weathering and depositional processes of carbonate rocks will help to study the karst carbon cycle and increase the karst carbon sink.Various microscopic organisms are distributed on the surface of carbonate rocks,and they have strong adaptability,which can affect the weathering and deposition processes of carbonate rocks through their own metabolism and the interactive network within the community.Carbonic Anhydrase(CA)is a zinc containing metalloenzyme,and it can efficiently catalyze the hydration of CO_(2)(CO_(2)+H_(2)O←→HCO_(3)-+H-).CA and CA producing microorganisms are widely distributed in the soil and water in the karst area,and CA has good relative stability in the karst environment.CA and CA producing microorganisms can significantly promote the dissolution of carbonate rocks,and can also significantly promote the deposition of carbonate rocks under certain conditions.At present,more and more researchers begin to pay attention to how to use CA or CA producing micro-organisms to increase the carbon storage in the karst area,so as to increase the karst carbon sink.At present,some studies have proved that bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and microalgae isolated from karst areas can participate in the process of karst carbon cycle.A large number of studies have found that micro-organisms such

关 键 词：微型生物 碳酸酐酶 岩溶碳循环 碳酸盐岩风化 碳酸盐岩沉积 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学] Q518[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]