复方刺五加对雏鸡消化功能与肠道菌群的调节作用  

Regulation of Compound Acanthopanax senticosus on Digestive Function and Intestinal Microflora in Chicks

作　　者：孙梦晴 霍墨涵 姜晓文[1] 李子俊 马隽[1] 葛铭 于文会[1,2,3] SUN Meng-qing;HUO Mo-han;JIANG Xiao-wen;LI Zi-jun;MA Jun;GE Ming;YU Wen-hui(College of Veterinary Medicine,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Institute of Chinese Veterinary Medicine,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Common Animal Diseases in Colleges and Universities of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物医学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]东北农业大学中兽医研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]黑龙江省普通高校动物普通疾病防治重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2022年第9期109-114,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFD0502200)。

摘　　要：为了探究中药饲料添加剂提高饲料转化率的效果,本研究将64只雏鸡随机分为4组:空白组、复方刺五加低剂量组(0.5 kg/t)、复方刺五加中剂量组(1.0 kg/t)、复方刺五加高剂量组(2.0 kg/t)。饲料添加剂饲喂周期为21 d。每日记录雏鸡增重、采食量。21 d后处死雏鸡,用生化分析仪检测雏鸡血清生化指标、ELISA法检测雏鸡小肠和腺胃相关消化酶活性;H.E.染色检测雏鸡小肠绒毛长度、隐窝深度;16S rDNA扩增子测序法检测雏鸡肠道菌群。结果显示:与空白组相比,3个复方刺五加剂量组能够促进雏鸡消化功能和增长,中剂量组(1.0 kg/t)雏鸡增重最为显著(P<0.01);小肠黏膜组织H.E.染色结果显示,与空白组相比,3个复方刺五加剂量组均可改善小肠绒毛发育,中剂量组小肠绒毛形态发育最好,其绒毛长度与隐窝深度比值差异极显著(P<0.01);肠道菌群检测结果显示,与空白组相比,3个复方刺五加剂量组均可改善雏鸡肠道菌群的多样性和群丰度,其中变形菌门、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门变化最明显。结果表明:复方刺五加能够提高雏鸡消化吸收功能,增加肠道菌群的多样性并提高益生菌群丰度,促进雏鸡的生长发育。In order to investigate the effect of Chinese herbal feed additives on improving feed conversion rate, this study randomly divided 64 chicks into 4 groups: blank group, compound Acanthopanax senticosus low-dose group(0.5 kg/t),compound Acanthopanax senticosus middle-dose group(1.0 kg/t),and compound Acanthopanax senticosus high-dose group(2.0 kg/t),provied feed additives for 21 days, and recorded daily weight gain and feed intake. After 21 days, the chicks were sacrificed, and the serum biochemical parameters of the chicks were detected by biochemical analyzer, the activities of digestive enzymes related to the small intestine and glandular stomach of the chicks were detected by ELISA;the villus length and crypt depth of the small intestine of the chicks were detected by H.E. staining;and the intestinal flora of the chicks was detected by 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing.The results showed that compared with the blank group, the three compound Acanthopanax senticosus dose groups promoted the digestive function and growth of chicks, and the middle-dose group(1.0 kg/t) chicks had the most significant weight gain(P<0.01);the H.E. staining results of small intestinal mucosal tissues showed that compared with the blank group, the three compound Acanthopanax senticosus dose groups improved the development of small intestinal villi, the middle-dose group had the best morphological development of small intestinal villi, and the ratio of villus length to crypt depth was significantly different(P<0.01);the detection of intestinal flora showed that compared with the blank group,the three compound Acanthopanax senticosus dose groups improved the diversity and group abundance of intestinal flora in chicks,with the most significant changes in Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,and Firmicutes. Thus,compound Acanthopanax senticosus could improve the digestion and absorption function of chicks,increase the diversity of intestinal flora and the abundance of probiotic flora,and promote the growth and development of chicks.

关 键 词：中药饲料添加剂 雏鸡 消化功能 生长发育 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S859.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]