压水堆蒸汽发生器热工水力试验关键技术研究  

Research on Key Technology of Thermal Hydraulic Experiment of Pressurized Water Reactor Steam Generator

作　　者：廖波 王永 王先元[1,2] LIAO Bo;WANG Yong;WANG Xianyuan(China Nuclear Power Operation Technology Corporation,Ltd.,Wuhan 430223,China;Research Institute of Nuclear Power Operation,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中核武汉核电运行技术股份有限公司,湖北武汉430223 [2]核动力运行研究所,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2022年第11期2385-2394,共10页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：新型的压水堆蒸汽发生器和热工水力分析软件在工程应用前均需进行试验验证。采用蒸汽发生器一维和三维热工水力软件数值模拟获取了关键参数温度、空泡份额、压降等分布,优化了试验模拟体设计和测点布置。遵循等高、等物性、阻力相似原则缩比设计蒸汽发生器模拟体,设置带球阀的下降管实现循环倍率精确控制和测量。采用导波雷达液位计和差压式液位测量法测量的蒸汽发生器水位跟随性良好,且二者在稳态和瞬态工况下相对偏差均未超过±1.5%。采用光纤探针、射线法、压差法测得并比较了蒸汽发生器二次侧流场的点、线、体积空泡份额,在高空泡份额区与三维计算相对偏差不超过±10%。采用蒸汽全流量冷凝的示踪元素法可测量极低(<0.02%)的饱和蒸汽湿度。在核动力运行研究所的30 MW蒸汽发生器综合性能试验台架上集中应用上述关键技术,成功考核了多种新型蒸汽发生器的热工水力性能。Both the new PWR steam generator and thermal hydraulic analysis software need to carry out experiment to verify the performance before engineering application.One-dimensional and three-dimensional thermal hydraulic software of steam generator were used to obtain the distribution of key parameters,such as temperature,void fraction,pressure drop of support plate,etc.,and optimize the design of the test simulator and the arrangement of measuring points.Following the simulation criterion of equal height,equal physical properties,and similar resistance,the steam generator simulator was designed,and the design of downcomer tube with full bore ball valve was used to realize the precise control and measurement of the circulating rate.The circulating rate was measured and calculated by the flow method and the thermodynamic method,and the relative deviation between the two methods is less than±5%.The armored thermocouple sealing structure was designed to pass through the two layers of pressure boundaries to obtain the primary side temperature distribution along the heat transfer tube.The secondary side temperature distribution of steam generator and the height of the boiling start point were obtained.The guided wave radar liquid level gauge and the liquid level measurement by differential pressure were used to measure the water level of the steam generator with good follow-up,and the relative deviations of the two methods under steady-state and transient conditions do not exceed±1.5%.The point,line and volume void fraction of the secondary side of steam generator were obtained by the optical fiber probe,gamma-ray method and differential pressure methods respectively.The relative deviation between the three-dimensional calculation and test measurement results in the region of high void fraction does not exceed±10%.For the central area of the tube bundle,the measurement value of the optical fiber probe is the highest.For the tube gallery area,the measurement values of the three methods are close,and reasons for the deviat

关 键 词：蒸汽发生器 热工水力 空泡份额 伽马射线 蒸汽湿度 

分 类 号：TL353[核科学技术—核技术及应用]